Sorghum bicolor L. moench (Poaceae) extract efficiency in the treatment of induced anemia. Experimental study on Wistar rats

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/04/2016
Views (254) Download (11)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Sorghum bicolor L. moench (Poaceae) extract efficiency in the treatment of induced anemia. Experimental study on Wistar rats

M. Sènou, A.P. Tchogou, T.V. Dougnon, A. Agossadou, F. Assogba, E.G. Kinsiclounon, H. Koudokpon, L. Fah, B. Fanou, D.C. Akpovi, G.B.J. Énou, A. Lalèyè, F. Loko
Int. J. Biosci.8( 4), 62-71, April 2016.
Certificate: IJB 2016 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Sorghum bicolor is a medicinal plant used in Benin to treat anemia. This study aimed to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy in anemia treatment. An aqueous extraction of Sorghum bicolor leaves was carried out and analyzed. Five groups of five Wistar rats each were formed. The rats of four groups were rendered anemic by injection of phenylhydrazine (hemolysis) in the first two days D0 and D1. From the second to the fifteenth day (D2 to D15), anemic groups were gavaged either by the extract of Sorghum bicolor at 200 or 300 mg/kg body weight/day, or by vitafer, a reference drug against anemia. The last anemic group was not treated. The group of non-anemic rats served as a control. Blood samples were collected for all rats on days D0, D2, D7, D10 and D15 to assess blood count and osmotic resistance of red blood cells. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of catechol tannins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanes, steroids, cardenolides, reducing compounds and coumarins. The extract like the vitafer corrected anemia in two weeks by increased stimulation of hemoglobin synthesis, production and the early release of immature red blood cells and its effect was dose dependent. Its action was quite specific and did not affect platelet lineage. Sorghum bicolor has an excellent therapeutic efficacy and may be considered for transformation into improved traditional medicines (ITM) after study of its biological tolerance and appropriate clinical trials.

VIEWS 16

Agbangnan CDP, Tachon C, Bonin H, Chrostowka A, Fouquet E, Sohounhloue CDK. 2012. Phytochemical study of a tinctorial plantof Bénin traditional pharmacopoeia: the red sorghum (Sorghum caudatum) of Benin. Scientific Study and Research 13, 121-35.

Akah PA, Okolo CE, Okoye TC, Offiah NV. 2010. Aqueous extract and methanol fractions of leaves of Brillantaisia nitens Lindau. Reverses phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia in rats. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 4(3), 271-277.

Akande IS, Oseni AA, Biobaku OA. 2010. Effect of aqueous extract of Sorghum bicolor on hepatic, histological and haematological indices in rats. Journal of Cell and Animal Biology 4, 137-142.

Alper BS, Kimber R, Reddy AK. 2000. Using feinting levels to determine iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Journal of Family Practice 49, 829-32.

Assobayire FS, Adou P, Davidson L, Cook JD, Hurrel R. 2001. Prevalence of iron deficiency with and without concurrent anemia in population group with high prevalences of malaria and other infections: a study in Cote d’Ivoire. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 74, 776-82.

Awika JM, Lloyd W, Rooney, Ralph D, Waniska. 2004.. Anthocyanins from black sorghum and their antioxidant properties. Food Chemistry, 90, 293-301.

Berger J. 2007. Phenylhydrazine haematotoxicity. Journal of Applied Biomedicine ISSN 1214 0287, 125 5, 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.03.058

Diallo A, Gbeassor M, Vovor A, Eklu-Gadegbeku K, Aklikokou K, Agbonon A. 2008. Effect of Tectona grandis on phenylhydrazine induced anemia in rats. Fitoterapia 79, 332-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2008.02.005

Duff S. 2008. Types of Anaemia. www.innvista.com, Accessed 15-08-2014.

Fauchet R, Ifrah N, Blanchet O, Dautel M. 1995. Collection Biologie Médicale Hématologie. 2é édition. Condé-sur-Noireau (France), 437.

Fricker J. 1998. Grossesse et nutrition: l’équilibre de la conception. Hôpital de Bichat, Paris Chole-doc.

Gbenou JD, Tossou R, Dansou P, Fossou M, Moudachirou M. 2006. Etude des proprieties antianémiques de Justicia secunda Vahl (acanthaceae) chez les rats de souche wistar. Pharm Med Trad Afr, 14, 45-54.

Godwin I, Ayuba G, Jensen G, Benson K, Okubena A, Okubena O. 2014. Clinical efficacy of a west african Sorghum bicolor-based traditional herbal preparation Jobelyn Shows. Increased Hemoglobin and CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Counts in HIV-Positive Patients. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine 20(1), 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2013.0125

Holden J, Acomb C. 2007. Anaemia. In: Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Walker R. and C. Whittlesea (Eds.). Elsevier Churchil Livingstone, New York, 699-701.

Houghton PJ, Raman A. 1998. Laboratory Handbook for the Fractionation of Natural Extracts. London: Chapman and Hall, 22-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5809-5

Kassel D. 2003. Des hommes et des plantes, in Histoire de la pharmacie, http://ordre.pharmacien.fr, Décembre 2003; 88 p.

Marti-carragal A, Pena-Marti G, Communian G, Munoz S. 2002. Prevalence of anemia during pregnancy result of Valancia (Venezuela) anemia during pregnancy study. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición 52, 5-11.

Modak M, Dixit P, Londhe J, Ghaskadbi S, Paul A, Devasagayam T. 2007. Indian herbs and herbal  drugs  used for  the treatment  of  diabetes. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 40,163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.40.163

Movaffaghi  Z,  Hasanpoor  M.  2006.  Effect  of therapeutic touch on blood hemoglobin and hematocrit level. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 24, 41-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898010105282527

Naughton BA, Moore E, Bush ME, Lapin DM, Domfest BS. 1995. Hemostatic alterations associated with phenylhydrazine – induced haemolytic anaemia. European Journal Of Clinical Investigation 25, 722-7.

Ogbe JR, Adenkola AY, Anefu E. 2012. Aqueous ethanolic extract of Mangifera indica stem bark effet on the biochemical and haematological parameters of albinos rats. Archives of Applied Science Research, 4(4), 1618-22.

Ogwumike OO. 2002. Hemopoietic effect of aqueous extract of the leaf sheath of Sorghum bicolor in albinos rats. African Journal of Biomedical Research 5, 69-71.

Okochi YI, Okpuzor J, Alli LA. 2003. Comparison of an African herbal formula with commercially available hematinics. African Journal of Biotechnology 2(8), 237 – 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJB2003.000-1048

Scanlon KS, Yip R, Schieve LM, Cogswell ME. 2000. High and low hemoglobin levels during pregnancy differential risks for paterm birth and small for gestational age. Obsetrics and gynecology, 714-8.

Verhoel H, West CE, Kraaigenhagen R, Nzuko SM, King R, Mbadi M. 2002. Malarial anemia leads to adequately increased erythropoiesis in assymptomatic Kenyan children. Blood 100, 3489-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2001-12-0228