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Search for physiological and anatomical parameters of salt tolerance in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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Research Paper 01/10/2017
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Search for physiological and anatomical parameters of salt tolerance in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Tahri Miloud, Chadli Rabah, Bouzid Khadidja, Flitti Abdelkarim
Int. J. Biosci.11( 4), 184-197, October 2017.
Certificate: IJB 2017 [Generate Certificate]
Key: AnatomicalHydroponicsMorphological parametersPhaseolus vulgaris.Salinity

Abstract

The mechanisms of tolerance or sensitivity are experimentally investigated on a local variety of Phaseolus vulgaris L. grown under a growing regime of NaCl and CaCl2 salts (control, 100 and 200 meq.gl-1 NaCl + CaCl2), under semi-controlled conditions. Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) appears as a plant more or less sensitive to salt during its growth. The action of salt results in decreased stem and root growth in Phaseolus vulgaris L. The plants cultured in salty medium have morphological characteristics different from those of the controls, because the results obtained show that the growth of the stem and the root are not affected by the nutrient solution (control) by cons to high concentrations of salt (200meq.L-1, NaCl, CaCl2, mixture), the stem shows a marked regression, while the plants treated at the 100meq.L-1 concentrations exhibit stress sensitivity characteristics. The action of salinity is illustrated by a reduction in the length of the stem in the lens (benaceur, 2001) and can result in a stunting of the plant until complete dwarfism (Belkhodjaand Soltani, 1992). When the plants receive saline from NaCl, CaCl2 and the mixture (NaCl, CaCl2) 100meq.L-1, the diameter of xylem vessels is reduced as compared to the diameter of the xylem of the plants sprayed with the nutrient solution. After 40 days of growth, the diameter of xylem vessels decreased sharply after just one day of stress, this diameter slowly decreased in plants treated with 100 and 200meq.L-1NaCl, CaCl2 and (NaCl + CaCl2). At the level of the stems, the results clearly show the action of the salt on the conductive tissue compared to the control, results in an increase in the number of the xylem vessel and the writing of its diameter. The diameter of the vessels of the root xylem and compared with that of the stems and much more affected by the action of the salt since it shows a strong reduction compared to the vessels of plants watered to the nutrient solution and whatever saline treatment to bring or Adure of exposure. Most of the plants are able to adapt to saline environments. This adaptation is accompanied by morphological, anatomical and biochemical changes (Kylin, 1975;Paljakouf, 1988). The biomass of the aerial part hydroponically grown is more developed and greater compared to culture on substrate. It is advisable in the last 20 years to use the technique of hydroponic cultivation for several economic advantages. Understanding these phenomena will be very useful for better conduct of natural plant communities, as well as for defining the ideal characteristics for plants of agricultural importance

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