Characterization of Chadian sesame landraces through morphological traits
Paper Details
Characterization of Chadian sesame landraces through morphological traits
Abstract
Sesame is one of the most important oilseed crops in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Despite the important role of sesame in Chad’s agriculture and economy, information on its genetic diversity remains very limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of 37 sesame landraces collected from the sudanian zone of Chad using 29 morphological traits. The experiment was laid out in alpha lattice design with three replications. A high level of genetic diversity was observed for qualitative traits except for plant growth type, branching and capsule dehiscence at ripping. A considerable level of polymorphism was also observed for all of the studied quantitative traits except for mean capsule width. This diversity allowed structuring the studied landraces into three statistically distinct groups of which group 3 clustering landraces with early maturing (100 DAS), low number of primary branches (3.667) and high seed yield per plant (20.425g). This study revealed a large agromorphological diversity of qualitative and quantitative traits of the sesame from the sudanian zone of Chad. Structuring of diversity clustered the cultivars into three groups, of which in group three were found landraces with interesting traits for sesame breading. Landraces in this group combined precocity and high productivity which are the main traits of breeding for the climate change adaptation. This group could be of highest interest for the sesame breeding program and will help to enhance selection and production of sesame in Chad.
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