The effectiveness of Pilates exercise training on selected post-menopausal Women with non-specific low back pain in improving pain, flexibility and endurance- A pilot study

Paper Details

Research Paper 08/03/2024
Views (337) Download (49)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

The effectiveness of Pilates exercise training on selected post-menopausal Women with non-specific low back pain in improving pain, flexibility and endurance- A pilot study

C. Nageswari, N. Meena
Int. J. Biosci.24( 3), 141-149, March 2024.
Certificate: IJB 2024 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Post-menopausal women, especially among the Indian population, are susceptible to experience non-specific low back pain which refers to pain or discomfort in the lower back region without a clear underlying structural cause or specific pathology. Pilates can help with the low back pain through a combination of strengthening, flexibility, postural improvement, and body awareness. Pilates reduces the pain by core strengthening, improving spinal alignment, balanced muscle development, dynamic stretching and controlled movements, encouraging mindfulness and awareness of movement patterns, specific breathing techniques, mind-body connection approach. By gradual progression of exercises it can help in proper form to reduce the risk of exacerbating existing pain. A three weeks Pilates training program was given to the experimental group, which was composed of ten postmenopausal women with non-specific low back pain, following an assessment of their pain, flexibility, and endurance. The study was a quantitative true experiment.  A statistical analysis was performed on the experimental and control groups’ pretest and posttest results. The post-test and post-test scores of the experimental group showed a significant difference in pain reduction, improved flexibility, and increased endurance in postmenopausal women, while the control group showed no significant change in any of these parameters.

VIEWS 97

Wang YXJ. 2016. Menopause as a potential cause for higher prevalence of low back pain in women than in age-matched men. J Orthop Translat. 8, 1-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2016.05.012

Makris UE, Fraenkel L, Han L, Leo-Summers L, Gill T. 2013. Risk Factors for Restricting Back Pain in Older Persons. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 15(1). DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.09.013

Poomalar GK, Bupathy A. 2013.  The quality of life during and after menopause among rural women. J Clin Diagn Res. 7(1), 135-139. DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2012/4910.2688

Braden JB, Zhang L, Fan My, Unützer J, Edlund MJ, Sullivan MD.  2008. Mental health service use by older adults: the role of chronic pain.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 16(2), 156–167. DOI: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e31815a3ea9

Stang PE, Brandenburg NA, Lane MC, Merikangas KR , Von Korff MR, Kessler RC. 2006 Mental and physical co morbid conditions and days in role among person with arthritis Psychosomatic Medicine 68(1), 152-158. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000195821.25811.b4

Von Korff M, Crane P, Lane M, Miglioretti DL, Simon G, Saunders K, Stang P, Brandenburg N, Kessler R. 2005. Chronic spinal pain and physical-mental comorbidity in the United States: results from the national comorbidity survey replication. Pain 113(3), 331-339. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2004.11.010. PMID: 15661441.

Whelan TJ,  Goss PE,  Ingle JN,  Pater JL,  Tu D,  Pritchard K,  Liu S,  Shepherd LE,  Palmer M,  Robert NJ,  Martino S,  Muss HB. 2005. Assessment of Quality of Life in MA.17: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Letrozole After 5 Years of Tamoxifen in Postmenopausal Women. Journal of Clinical Oncology 23. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.11.181

Van Tudler MW, Tuut M, Pennick V, Bombardier C, Assendelft  WJ. 2004. Quality of primary care guidelines for acute low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 29(17), E357-62. DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000137056.64166.51

Hughes RE,  Nancy AN. 2009. Estimating investment worthiness of an ergonomic intervention for preventing low back pain from a firm’s perspective, Appl Ergon. 40(3), 457-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2008.10.004.

Hayden JA, van Tudler MW, Malmivaara AV, Koes BW. 2005.  Meta–analysis: Exercise therapy for nonspecific low back pain. Ann Intern Med. 142(9), 765-75. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-142-9-200505030-00013

Lee H,  Caguicla JMC,  Park  S,  Kwak  DJ Won , D-Y,  Park Y,  Kim J,  Kim M. 2016, Effects of 8-week Pilates exercise program on menopausal symptoms and lumbar strength and flexibility in postmenopausal women.  J Exerc Rehabil. 12(3), 247-51. DOI: 10.12965/jer.1632630.315.

Kao Y-H, Liou T-H, Huang Y-C, Tsai Y-W, Wang K-M. 2014. Effects of a 12-Week Pilates Course on Lower Limb Muscle Strength and Trunk Flexibility in Women Living in the Community. Health Care for Women International, ealth Care Women Int. 36(3), 303-19. DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2014.900062.

Casuso RA, de Guevara NM, Hita-Contreras F. 2015. Effects of a six-week Pilates intervention on balance and fear of falling in women aged over 65 with chronic low-back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Maturitas 82(4), 371-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.07.022.

Ravindran AK, Javed J, Parthiban R, Sherrif B. 2022. Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise Versus Pilates in Postmenopausal Women with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy 16(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.37506/ijpot.v16i2.18026

Yu Z, Yin Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Cai H, Peng F.  2023. Efficacy of Pilates on Pain, Functional Disorders and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 20(4), 2850. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042850.

Sowers M, Zheng H, Tomey K, Karvonen-Gutierrez C, Jannausch M, Li X, Yosef M, Symons J. 2007. Changes in body composition in women over six years at midlife: ovarian and chronological aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 92(3), 895-901. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1393.

Martin CK, Church TS, Thompson AM, Earnest CP, Blair SN. 2009, Exercise dose and quality of life: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 169, 269-278. DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2008.545

Kloubec JA. 2010. Pilates for improvement of muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, and posture. J Strength Cond Res. 24(3), 661-7. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c277a6.

Natour J, Cazotti Lde A, Ribeiro LH, Baptista AS, Jones A. 2015. Pilates improves pain, function and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 29(1), 59-68. DOI: 10.1177/0269215514538981.

Hita-Contreras F, Martínez-Amat A, Cruz-Díaz D, Pérez-López FR. 2016. Fall prevention in postmenopausal women: the role of Pilates exercise training. Climacteric 19(3), 229-33. DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2016.1139564.

Kulkarni S, Honkalas P, Golhar, S. 2022. Effect of Pilates and core stabilization exercises on flexibility and strength in postmenopausal female: An experimental study. International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences 9, 97-102.

Siqueira Rodrigues BG, Ali Cader S, Bento Torres NV, Oliveira EM, Martin Dantas EH. 2010.Pilates method in personal autonomy, static balance and quality of life of elderly females. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 14(2), 195-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2009.12.005.

Marini M, Bendinelli B, Assedi M, Occhini D, Castaldo M, Fabiano J, Petranelli M, Migliolo M, Monaci M, Masala G. 2017. Low back pain in healthy postmenopausal women and the effect of physical activity: A secondary analysis in a randomized trial. PLoS One. 212(5), e0177370. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177370.

Gupta A, Ghumatkar M, Kumar A. 2022., Effects of Pilates Training Program on Functional Capacity in Post-Menopausal Women.  International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 7(3), 20-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20220705

Chiarotto A, Terwee CB, Ostelo RW. 2016. Choosing the right outcome measurement instruments for patients with low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 30(6), 1003-1020. DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2017.07.001.

Kloubec J. 2011 Pilates: how does it work and who needs it. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 1(2), 61–66.

Iulian-Doru T, Vasilica G, Maria T, Claudia-Camelia B. 2013. Pilates Principles – Psychological Resources for Efficiency Increase of Fitness Programs for Adults. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 84, 658-662. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.621.

Hilditch JR, Lewis J, Peter A, van Maris B, Ross A, Franssen E,   Guyatt GH,  Norton PG,  Dunn E. 2008. A menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire: development and psychometric properties. Maturitas 61(1-2), 107-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5122(96)01038-9.

Küçükçakır N, Altan L, Korkmaz N. 2013. Effects of Pilates exercises on pain, functional status and quality of life in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 17(2), 204-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.07.003.

Rydeard R, Leger A, Smith D. 2006. Pilates-based therapeutic exercise: effect on subjects with nonspecific chronic low back pain and functional disability: a randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 36, 472–484. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2006.2144

Curnow D, Cobbin D, Wyndham J, Boris Choy ST. 2009. Altered motor control, posture and the Pilates method of exercise prescription. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 13(1), 104–111. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2008.06.013