Optimization of bio-oil pH with co-pyrolysis of cotton gin trash, animal manure, and micro-algae
Paper Details
Optimization of bio-oil pH with co-pyrolysis of cotton gin trash, animal manure, and micro-algae
Abstract
Lower pH increases corrosive nature of bio-oil and hence creates problem in its applications for a replacement of crude oil. We controlled pH of bio-oil by optimizing the temperature and feedstock composition in a fixed bed batch pyrolysis reactor. The feedstock used for pyrolysis of co-biomass included cotton gin trash (CGT), cow manure (CM), and algae (Nanochloropsis oculata). The bio-oil from co-pyrolysis process was also characterized for water content viscosity, pH, and acid number. The co-biomass in different ratios was processed to produce bio-oil at five operating temperatures (400, 450, 500, 550, and 600°C). The results obtained during the experiment showed a significant change in the product yields and characteristics. The pH of produced bio-oil ranged from 6.36 to 8.96. The ratios of feedstock compositions showed synergistic effect on the pH, acid number, and viscosity of bio-oil. The results indicated that operating temperature and composition of co-biomass are critical in improving the pH of the bio-oil.
Budarin VL, Zhao Y, Gronnow MJ, Shuttleworth PS, Breeden SW, Macquarrie DJ, Clark JH. 2011. Microwave-mediated pyrolysis of macro-algae. Green Chemistry 13(9), 2330. http://doi.org/10.1039/c1gc15560a
Grierson S, Strezov V, Ellem G, Mcgregor R & Herbertson J. 2009. Thermal characterisation of microalgae under slow pyrolysis conditions. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 85(1-2), 118–123. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2008.10.003
Heo HS, Park HJ, Park YK, Ryu C, Suh DJ, Suh Y W, Kim SS. 2010. Bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis of waste furniture sawdust in a fluidized bed. Bioresource Technology 101(1 SUPPL.), S91– S96. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.06.003
Huber GW, Iborra S, Corma A. 2006. Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: Chemistry, catalysts, and engineering. Chemical Reviews, 106(9), 4044–4098. http://doi.org/10.1021/cr068360d
Ji-lu Z. 2007. Bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of rice husk: Yields and related properties and improvement of the pyrolysis system. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 80(1), 30–35. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2006.12.030
Li D, Chen L, Zhao J, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wang H, Ye N. 2010. Evaluation of the pyrolytic and kinetic characteristics of Enteromorpha prolifera as a source of renewable bio-fuel from the Yellow Sea of China. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 88(5-6), 647–652. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2009.10.011
Maguyon MCC, Capareda SC. 2013. Evaluating the effects of temperature on pressurized pyrolysis of Nannochloropsis oculata based on products yields and characteristics. Energy Conversion and Management 76, 764–773. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.08.033
Miao X, Wu Q, Yang C. 2004. Fast pyrolysis of microalgae to produce renewable fuels. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 71(2), 855–863. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2003.11.004
Pan P, Hu C, Yang W, Li Y, Dong L, Zhu L, Fan Y. 2010. The direct pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis of Nannochloropsis sp. residue for renewable bio-oils. Bioresource Technology 101(12), 4593–4599. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.070
Peng W, Wu Q, Tu P, Zhao N. 2001. Pyrolytic characteristics of microalgae as renewable energy source determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Bioresource Technology 80(1), 1–7. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00072-4
Ramachandra TV, Kamakshi G, Shruthi BV. 2004. Bioresource status in Karnataka. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 8(1), 1–47. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2003.09.001
Muhammad Usman Hanif, Renato O. Arazo, Sergio C. Capareda, Hamid Iqbal, Muhammad Adnan Hanif, Muhammad Anwar Baig (2016), Optimization of bio-oil pH with co-pyrolysis of cotton gin trash, animal manure, and micro-algae; IJB, V8, N5, May, P8-14
https://innspub.net/optimization-of-bio-oil-ph-with-co-pyrolysis-of-cotton-gin-trash-animal-manure-and-micro-algae/
Copyright © 2016
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0