Application of GIS and remote sensing in the identification of environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of Anopheles gambiae sl and Anopheles funestus in the health district Ouidah-Kpomassè-Tori Bossito

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Research Paper 01/11/2019
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Application of GIS and remote sensing in the identification of environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of Anopheles gambiae sl and Anopheles funestus in the health district Ouidah-Kpomassè-Tori Bossito

Sahabi Bio-Bangana, Razaki A Ossè, Armand Vodounou, Ibrahim Orou-Bata, Christophe Houssou, Michel Boko, Martin Akogbéto
Int. J. Biosci. 15(5), 109-120, November 2019.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2019; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

Every year in the world, more than 3 billion people are exposed to therisk of malaria and there are more than 500 million acute cases resulting in more than one million deaths. This work aims to describe the area’s risk of malaria due to the species An. gambiae and An. funestus in the Ouidah-Kpomassè-Tori Bossito health area. The scientific approach is based on the collection, evaluation and processing of climatological data (temperature, precipitation, number of rainy days, relative humidity, wind, visibility and vapor pressure);geographical data (hydrography, relief, and localities); biotic data (human presence and vegetation) and entomological data (nocturnal catches of mosquitoes on human bait and larval surveys). This study shows a spatial dependence and the fact that space (absolute) is insufficient to explain the observed distribution.Wind, visibility, rainfall, temperature, and distance from localities to watercourses are the determinants of the spatial distribution of An. gambiae and An. funestus. From these results, two models were developed and were used to develop distribution maps of the two malaria vector species. Thus, An. funestus species prefers the southeastern regions where swamps and aquatic meadows predominate, whereas An. gambiae has a wider distribution.

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