home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Progressive impact of alternaria blight on antioxidants enzyme of mustard leaves after infection of Alternaria brassicae to induce resistance

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/10/2018
Views (435) Download (12)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Progressive impact of alternaria blight on antioxidants enzyme of mustard leaves after infection of Alternaria brassicae to induce resistance

Ahmed Subhani, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Atiq, Muhammad Imran, Akhtar Hameed, Abdul Qadus, Shafqat Ali, Adeel Sultan, Muhammad Akmal, Muhammad Hafeez ul Haq, Umar Farooq, Nasir Ahmed Rajput
Int. J. Biosci.13( 4), 417-426, October 2018.
Certificate: IJB 2018 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Alternaia brassicaeAntioxidants profileBlightEnzyme variationsMustard

Abstract

Mustard (brassica) is second most important oil seed crop which belongs to family brassicaeae. It contributes 17% in domestic oil production. Alternaria is a very lethal disease which is caused by Alternaria brassicaeae. It causes 47% yield losses. Brassica napus is infected by Alternaria blight which is responsible to cause variations in its biomolecules and antioxidant profile. The research was undertaken to study variation in biochemistry of resistance associated enzymatic profile of brassica germplasm. Pot experiment was designed on such fifteen varieties in greenhouse. Inoculum was prepared to inoculate these varieties and healthy leaves were collected along with inoculated showing symptoms of disease. Collected samples were analyzed using spectrophotometer. Results showed that Rapid decrease or reduction in catalase and SOD activity was observed in inoculated leaves of moderately susceptible varieties Punjab canola (0.0373) and Faisal canola (0.069), (0.211 and 0.097) to (0.077 and 0.082) respectively. Overall varieties depicted increasing trend but commonly H2O2 and POD in moderately susceptible cultivars was slightly decreased from (0.0587, 0.2350) to (0.0530, 0.1973). In contrast drastic increase was found in highly susceptible varieties while it was obvious that behavior of susceptible to highly susceptible lines was almost same. Highly susceptible lines showed slight decrease comparable to susceptible one. Protein activity was found to increase in inoculated leaves of all varieties. Phenolic activity in moderately Susceptible lines (Punjab Canola and Faisal Canola) rapidly and suddenly climbed up followed by susceptible cultivars. Data showed the smooth change protein and phenolic activity. In highly susceptible varieties (DGL, BSA and Toria selection A) phenolic level was (1.451, 1.344, 1.142) as compared to uninoculated leaves having (0.961, 0.816, 2.273 and 1.344) protein. It can be concluded that bio- antioxidant profile variations are useful tool to serve as effective marker for resistant germplasm documentation.

VIEWS 14
Cover PDF

Abbas JS, Ullah F, Khan IA, Khan BM, Iqbal M. 2009. Molecular analysis of genetic diversity in brassica species. Pakistan Journal of Botany 41(1), 167-176.

Abedi T, Pakniyat H. 2010. Antioxidant enzyme changes in response to drought stress in ten cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Czech Journal of Genetic Plant and Breeding 46(1), 27-34.

Alscher RG, Erturk N, Heath LS. 2002. Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress. Journal of Experimental Botany 53, 1331–1341.

Ashraf SS, Chaudhary KB, Basu KC. 1986. Effect of seed born Fusarium spp. on physio-chemical properties of Rapeseed oil. Journal of Phytopathology 117, 107-112.

Asif M, Atiq M, Bashir MR, Yasin O, Rajput NA, Ali Y, Subhani A, Kausar S, Imran M, Hameed A, Ali S. 2018. Bio-chemical alterations: markers for the identification of source of resistance in brassica germplasm against white rust disease. International Journal of Biosciences 13(1), 364-376.

Asif M, Atiq M, Sahi ST, Ali S, Nawaz A, Ali Y, Subhani A, Saleem A. 2017. Effective Management of White rust (Albugo candida) of rapeseed through commercially available fungicides. Pakistan Journal Phytopathology 29(02), 233-237.

Asif M, Mushtaq MS, Firdous H, Mubashar MZ, Imran A, Ahmad T, Arslan HMA, Saad HBM. 2017. An Overview of White Rust disease in Brassica: taxonomic, Biochemical and Management approaches. Discovery 53(263), 571- 586.

Bakalova S, Nikolova A, Wedera D. 2004. Isoenzyme profiles of peroxidase catalase and superoxide dismutase as affected by dehydration stress and ABA during germination of wheat seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology 30, 64–77.

Bart PH, Thomma J. 2003. Alternaria spp.: from general saprophyte to specific parasite. Mol. Plant Pathology (4), 225-236.

Beauchamp C, Fridovich I. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry 44, 276-287.

Bestwick CHS, Brown IR, Mansfield JW. 1998. Localised changes in peroxidase activity accompany hydrogen peroxide generation during the development of a non-host hypersensitive reaction in lettuce. Plant Physiology 118, 1067-1078.

Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Annals of Biochemistry 72, 248–25.

Chattopadhyay C, Ranjana A, Kumar, Meena A, Karuna RLF, Chakravarty NVK, Ashok K, Poonam G, Meena PD, Shekhar C. 2011. Epidemiology and development of forecasting models for White rust of Brassica juncea in India. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 44, 751-763.

Christopher GL, Andrew JR, Geraldine ACL, Clare JH, Jacqueline B, Gary B, German CS, David E. 2005. Brassica ASTRA: an integrated database for Brassica genomic research. Nucleic Acids Research 1(33), 656-65.

Das R, Uprety DC. 2006. Interactive effect of moisture stress and elevated CO2 on the oxidative stress in Brassica species. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment 4, 298–305.

Glazebrook J. 2005. Contrasting mechanisms of defense against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. Annual Review of Phytopathology 43, 205–227.

Gunes A, Pilbeam D, Inal A, Coban S. 2008. Influence of silicon on sunflower cultivars under drought stress, I: Growth, antioxidant mechanisms and lipid peroxidation. Communications of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 39, 1885–1903.

Guo Z, Ou W, Lu S, Zhong Q. 2006. Differential responses of antioxidative system to chilling and drough in four rice cultivars differing in sensitivity. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 44, 828–836.

Herbinger K, Tausz M, Wonisch A, Soja G, Sorger A, Grill D. 2002. Complex interactive effects of drought and ozone stress on the antioxidant defence systems of two wheat cultivars. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 40, 691–696.

Jones JD, Dangl JL. 2006. The plant immune system. Nature 444, 323–329.

Jung S. 2004. Variation in antioxidant metabolism of young and mature leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to drought. Plant Science 166, 459–466.

Karthikeyan G, Doraisamy S, Rabindran R. 2009. Induction of systemic resistance in black gram (Vigna mungo) against urdbean leaf crinkle virus by chemicals. Archives of Phytopathology Plant Protection 42, 1-15.

Lamb CJ, Dixon RA. 1997 The oxidative burst in plant disease resistance. Annual Review Plant Physiology Plant Molecular Biology 48, 251-275.

Liu J, Xie X, Du J, Sun J, Bai X. 2008. Effects of simultaneous drought and heat stress on Kentucky bluegrass. Journal of Horticultural Science 115, 190–195.

Meena PD, Chattopadhyay C, Kumar A, Awasthi RP, Kumar A. 2010. Alternaria blight: a chronic disease in rapeseed-mustard. J. Oilseed Brassica (1), 1-11.

Meena RK, Vidya P, Arora DK. 2008. Study of phenolics and their oxidative enzymes in Capsicum annuum L. infected with geminivirus. Asian Journal of Experimental Sciences 22(3), 307-310.

Melgar JC, Abney TS, Vierling RA. 2006. Peroxidase activity in soybean following inoculation with Phytophthora sojae. Mycopathologia 161, 37-42.

Nafie E, Mazen M. 2008. Chemical-induced resistance against brown stem rot in Soybean: the effect of benzothiadiazole. Journal of Applied Science Research 4, 2046-2064.

Nawar HF, Kuti JD. 2003. Wyerone acid phytoalexin synthesis and peroxidase activity as markers for resistance of broad beans to chocolate spot disease. Journal of Phytopathology 151, 564-570.

Noctor G, Fover CH. 1998. Ascorbate and Glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Biology 49, 249-279.

Pakistan Oilseed Development Board (PODB). Economic Survey of Pakistan. (2014-15). Federal Bureau of Statistics, MINFAL, Islamabad.

Pan Y, Wu LJ, Yu ZL. 2006. Effect of salt and drought stress on antioxidant enzymes activities and SOD isoenzymes of liquorice (Glycorhiza uralensis Fisch). Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 49, 157–165.

Parada RY, Sakuna E, Mori N, Oka K, Egusa M, Kodoma M, Otani H. 2008. Alternaria brassicae produces a host-specific protein toxin from germinating spores on host leaves. Phytopathology 98, 458-463.

SAS Institute. 1990. SAS/STAT Users Guide Version 6. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.

Shahid M, Khan MM, Hameed A, Ashraf M, Jamil A. 2012. Antioxidant enzymes and inorganic elements in seeds and leaves of four potential medicinal plants from Pakistan.

Shigeoka S, Ishikawa T, Tamoi M, Miyagawa Y, Takeda T, Yabuta Y, Yoshimura K. 2002. Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes. Journal of Experimental Botany 53, 1305–1319.

Shrestha SK, Mathur SB, Munk L. 2000. Alternaria brassicae in seeds of rapeseed and mustard, its location in seeds, transmission from seeds to seedlings and control. Seed science and technology 28(1), 75-84.

Shu-Hsien HU, Chih-Wen YU, Lin CH. 2005. Hydrogen peroxide functions as a stress signal in plants. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 46.

Singh M, Gupta RP, Singh HK, Kumar A, Kumar A. 2014. Morphological Variability in Alternaria brassicae Isolates of Indian Mustard, Brassica juncea L. Czern. & Coss. Trends in Biosciences 7, 2382

Singh Y, Rao DV, Batra A. 2011. Enzyme activity changes in Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss. In response to Albugo candida Kuntz (Pers.). Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 3(3), 18-24.

Steel RGD, Torrie JH, Dickey DA. 1997. Principles and procedures of statistics. A biometrical approach. 3rd Edit. McGraw Hill Pub. Co., New York.

Tsang EWT, Bowler C, Herouart D, Van CW, Villarroel R, Genetello C, Van MM, Inze D. 1991. Differential regulation of superoxide dismutase in plants exposed to environmental stress. Plant Cell 3, 783–792.

Velikova V, Yordanov I, Edreva A. 2000. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: Protective roles of exogenous polyamines. Plant Sciences 151, 59-66.

Verma PR, Saharan GS. 1994. Monograph on Alternaria diseases of crucifers. Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.

Wendehenne D, Durner J, Chen Z, Klessig DF. 1998. Benzothiadiazole, an inducer of plant defenses, inhibits catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. Photochemistry 47, 651-657.

Wight WD, Kim KH, Lawrence CB, Walton JD. 2009. Biosynthesis and role in virulence of the histone deacetylase inhibitor depudecin from Alternaria brassicicola. MPMI 22(10), 1258-1267.

Submit Manuscript