Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration of pummelo ‘Nambangan’ (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.)
Paper Details
Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration of pummelo ‘Nambangan’ (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.)
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is a method which needs to be mastered to support plant breeding in biotechnology. The induction of somatic embryos from various explants could be regenerated into plantlets. The aim of this study to establish somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration of pummelo ‘Nambangan’, one of the local prime fruit varieties in Indonesia, from various explants. Juice vesicle and seeds from immature fruit, shoot tip and leaf segments from in vitro mature seed germination were used as explants for indirect somatic embryogenesis initiation whereas peeled seeds from immature fruit were used as explants for direct somatic embryogenesis. Explants for indirect somatic embryogenesis were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 0.5 and 1.0 mg L-1. Explants for direct somatic embryogenesis were cultured on MS medium supplemented with combination of 3 mg L-1 of 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), 1 mg L-1 of 2,4-D and 300 mg L-1 of Casein hydrolisate. The results showed that induction of indirect embryogenesis on media with the addition of 2.4-D produced non-embryogenic callus for all eksplan. Peeled immature seed with diameter 4-6 mm formed embryoid after 4 weeks cultured on direct embryogenesis medium and could regenerated into plantlet. Flow cytometry analyses indicated that regenerated plantlet were consistently diploid.
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