Suitable habitat for rearing the edible frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in ponds and concrete basins in a West African pre-forest ecosystem (Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire)
Paper Details
Suitable habitat for rearing the edible frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in ponds and concrete basins in a West African pre-forest ecosystem (Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire)
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the suitable habitat for the rearing of one of the most prized edible frogs in Africa, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire. For this purpose, three environments were selected in ponds and concrete basins. The design of these environments took into account the semi-aquatic and semi-terrestrial lifestyle of the frogs. We then placed wild male and female specimens of the species studied in these habitats in order to test and improve them. Thus, regular measurements of the morphological parameters of the frogs and the physico-chemical parameters of the environment were taken. In the 1.8m3 concrete basins, the average survival rate was 13.4% after 30 days, whereas it was 75.00% and 83.33% after 60 days in the 3m3 concrete basins and 13.5m3 pond enclosures respectively. The average pH of the aquatic environments was 9.99 in the 1.8m3 basins, 8.87 in the 3m3 basins and 6.76 in the enclosures. The 3m3 concrete basins and mesh enclosures maintained milder temperatures (29.83°C to 30.52°C), with high air temperatures. This study has shown that the improved environments of the 3m3 basins and mesh enclosures are suitable for rearing adult Hoplobatrachus occipitalis frogs.
Aliko NG, Assemian NE, Boussou KC, Keita G, Konan KF. 2018. Habitat Based Breeding Strategies of Female Hoplobatrachus occipitalis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Daloa Department (Midwest of Côte d’Ivoire), International Journal of Research Studies in Zoology 4(3), 28-36.
Barnett SL, Cover JF, Wright KM. 2001. Amphibian husbandry and housing. in: Amphibian Medicine and Captive Husbandry (ed. K.M. Wright and B.R. Whitaker), pp. 35-61. Malabar FL: Krieger Publishing Company.
Carmona C, Olvera MA, Flores-Navay V, Ontiveros A. 1997. La nutrición de la rana y su importancia en ranicultura. In Mem. II Technofrog ’97. International Meeting on Frog Research and Technology. Santos.
CCAC. 2004. Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC) species-specific recommendations for amphibians and reptiles, 31p.
Deborah A, Williams MC. 2008. Nutrition Recommendation for some Captive Amphibian Species (Anura and Caudata) 34p.
EAZA. 2008. European association of zoos and aquaria (eaza). The most endangered animals in the world. Zoo des sables d’olonne. Amphibians. Amphibianark, 21p.
Eric M, Nora Z. 2006. Water quality and reproductive success of amphibians. Coordination Centre for the Protection of Amphibians and Reptiles in Switzerland, 28p.
Guy B, Claude L, Philipe V. 1993. The treatment and discharge of municipal effluents in relation to the elements and receiving environments. Rapp. Comm. Int. Prot. Eaux Léman contre pollutant, Campagne 267-282.
HADE A. 2002. Nos lacs – les connaître pour mieux les protéger. Éditions Fides, 360 p.
Hardouin J. 1997. Commercial frog farming in Malaysia. Notes Techniques. Tropicultura 15(4), 209-213.
Heyer WR, Donelly MA, Mc Diamid RW, Hayek LAC, Foster MS. 1994. Measuring and monitoring biological diversity. Standard methods for amphibians. Washing-ton, Smithsonian Institution Press 384p.
INS. 2014. National statistical institute of Côte d’Ivoire.
Laurentides. 2013. Suivi complémentaire de la qualité de l’eau. Programment bleu Laurentides, Volet 1-multisonde 31p.
Matutte B, Storey KB, Knoop FC, Conlon JM. 2000. Induction of synthesis of anantimicrobial peptide in the skin of the freeze-tolerant frog, Rana sylvatica, in response to environmental stimuli. FEBS Letters 483, 135-138.
MDDELCC. (Ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les Changements climatiques), 2014a. Surface water quality criteria 46 p. (accessed 12/08/2018).
Nascimento ACC, Fontes W, Sebben A, Castro MS. 2003. Antimicrobial peptides from anuran skin secretions. Protein and Peptide Letters 10, 227-238.
Negroni G. 1996. The basics of breeding frogs. Infofish International 4, 34-38.
Richard M. 2008. Frog breeding. Publications of the Innovation and Technology Directorate. Direction de l’aquaculture et du développement durable. Quebec, 8p.
Rödel MO, Ernst R. 2004. Measuring and monitoring amphibian diversity in tropical forests. I. An evaluation of methods with recommendations for standardization. Ecotropica 10, 1-14.
Steward KW. 1984. Manual on the care and use of experimental animals, volume 2. Amphibians. Captivity as an environment 26p.
Tohé B, Assemian NE, Kouamé NG. 2016. Reproduction of African Tigrine Frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in Banco National Park (Ivory Coast), International Journal of Science and Research 5 (1), 577-581.
Tohé B, Kouamé NG, Assemian NE, Gourène G, Rödel MO. 2014. Dietary Strategies of the Giant Swamp Frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in Degraded areas of Banco National Park (Ivory Coast), International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews 3(2), 34 – 46.
Waterwatch Australia Steering Committee. 2003. Waterwatch Australia National Technical Manual, Environment Australia, 156 pp. See online:www.waterwatch.org
Keita Gaoussou, Assemian N. Emmanuel, Koné Mamadou, 2022. Suitable habitat for rearing the edible frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in ponds and concrete basins in a West African pre-forest ecosystem (Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire). J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 20(3), 21-32.
Copyright © 2022 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.