Distribution and diversity Ralstonia solanacearum wilt disease bacterial causes of banana (Kepok: Local Indonesia) and intensity of attack in South Kalimantan, Indonesia
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Distribution and diversity Ralstonia solanacearum wilt disease bacterial causes of banana (Kepok: Local Indonesia) and intensity of attack in South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterial wilt disease in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. These bacteria have been scattered in banana (kepok: local Indonesia) planting which is a superior commodity, with a loss rate of almost 70-80%. Since 2007 the losses due to this disease have increased until mid-2014, the high level loss of resulted 100% . The purpose of this research was to determine the extent of the strain diversity and distribution of these bacteria extensively both of which attacked bananas, as well as alternative host plants in South Kalimantan. Methods used (1) Field surveys to districts that planted many banana and bacterial wilt disease, dyeing test on sterile water to ascertain the cause, (2) The sampling of plants attacked by climber and plant samples around the bacterial wilt disease, identification on nutrient agar (NA) and Triphenyl tetrazolium chaloride (TZC). Results that the bacteria were found in all districts in South Kalimantan, with no different diversity, the appearance of bacteria on NA and TZC, showed a round shape colony with serrated, middle red and clear surrounding edges. Distribution of bacteria ranging from the district of Banjar, Tanah Laut, Banjarbaru, Tapin and to the farthest district Tabalong and Kotabaru. The highest level of attacks in the districts of Banjar, Banjarbaru and Kotabaru (100%). Other host plants found as many as 8 species in Banjar and Banjarbaru. Conclusion of the distribution of this bacteria is evenly distributed in South Kalimantan, the level of strain diversity is not different and found many alternative host plants.
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Yusriadi, A. L. Abadi, S. Djauhari, H. Halim, 2017. Distribution and diversity Ralstonia solanacearum wilt disease bacterial causes of banana (Kepok: Local Indonesia) and intensity of attack in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 11(2), 78-83.
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