Effect of exogenous foods used in Oreochromisniloticus (Linné, 1758) feed on the diversity and structure of phytoplankton in Blondey fishponds (Ivory Coast; West Africa)
Paper Details
Effect of exogenous foods used in Oreochromisniloticus (Linné, 1758) feed on the diversity and structure of phytoplankton in Blondey fishponds (Ivory Coast; West Africa)
Abstract
Fish farmers generally use exogenous foods to increase fish production. However, these external inputs of food are most often at the base of the increased fertilization of the fishponds. This could unbalance the native flora and fauna in these artificial hydro systems. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of three exogenous foods used in Oreochromisniloticus feed on the diversity and structure of phytoplankton stands in Blondey fish ponds. Those foods formulated solely with animal by-products were tested in juvenile and adult stages. Thus, seven fishponds whose four (E1, E2, E3, E4) at juvenile stage and three (E7, E8, E9) at adult stage were selected. Among them, E2, E3, E4, and E8 received exogenous food, while E1 and E9, stocked with no exogenous food, were used as witnesses. Phytoplankton samples were taken monthly using a plankton net from October 2016 to June 2017. A total of 111 phytoplankton taxa distributed between five phyla dominated by Chlorophyta were obtained. The taxonomic richness was high in fishponds that received exogenous food and low in those without exogenous food during the two stages (adult and juvenile). The fishponds E4 and E8 that received housefly maggot meal registered the highest taxonomic richness. The Focused Principal Component Analysis (FPCA) indicated that no physico-chemical parameter significantly influenced the most abundant phytoplankton taxa.
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