General characteristics of symbiotic relationships between bacteria belonging to the order rhizobiales and wild legumes
Paper Details
General characteristics of symbiotic relationships between bacteria belonging to the order rhizobiales and wild legumes
Abstract
Over the different years, plants such as Alhagi pseudalhagi (M.Bieb.) Desv. ex B. Keller & Sha., Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Trifolium pratense L., growing wild in ecologically diverse areas of the Republic of Azerbaijan, have been studied for their tuber bacteria and symbiotic tuber formation. It has become clear that the ecological differences in the environments in which plants grow determine both the number of bacteria and their ability to form symbiotic tubers. The relatively favorable environment does not have a clear negative impact on the processes studied. Understanding this may lead to the development of favorable approaches to prevent crop losses in the face of global climate change.
Angus AA, Hirsch AM. 2010. Insights into the history of the legume-betaproteobacterial symbiosis. Molecular Ecology 19(1), 28–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04459.x
Arvin M. 2025. Rhizobial symbiosis and nitrogen fixation: A key biological partnership for sustainable plant growth. International Research Journal of Plant Science 16(12), 1–2. https://dx.doi.org/10.14303/irjps.2025.12
Bakhshaliyeva KF, İmamquliyev ND, Gasımova MB, Muradova SM, Muradov PZ. 2026. Characteristics of symbiotic relationships between plants and bacteria and the influence of stress factors on them. International Journal of Biosciences 28(2), 75–90.
Bergin SA. 2005. Methods and Techniques for Studying and Selecting Effective Strains of Soybean Nodule Bacteria: Analytical Selection Methods. Blagoveshchensk: PKİ «ZEY». 70 p.
Dodocioiu AM, Buzatu GD, Botu M. 2025. Nitrates and nitrites in vegetables and the health risk. Foods 14, 3037. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14173037
Goyal RK, Mattoo AK, Schmidt MA. 2021. Rhizobial-host interactions and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legume crops toward agriculture sustainability. Frontiers in Microbiology 12, 669404. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.669404
Herrero J, Ramírez-Santos A, Díaz-Santos E, Torres-Cortés G. 2025. Biofertilizers for enhanced nitrogen use efficiency: Mechanisms, innovations, and challenges. Nitrogen 6, 111. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen6040111
Hom EFY, Penn AS. 2021. Symbiosis and the Anthropocene. Symbiosis 84(3), 239–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-021-00794-0
Lindström K, Mousavi SA. 2020. Effectiveness of nitrogen fixation in rhizobia. Microbial Biotechnology 13(5), 1314–1335. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13517
Maroyi A. 2023. Medicinal uses of the Fabaceae family in Zimbabwe: A review. Plants 12(6), 1255. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12061255
Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Official website. https://www.eco.gov.az/
Tu Y, Rappel WJ. 2018. Adaptation of living systems. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 9, 183–205. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-033117-054046
Vlk D, Trněný O, Řepková J. 2022. Genes associated with biological nitrogen fixation efficiency identified using RNA sequencing in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Life 12, 1975. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12121975
Yakimenki MV, Tatarenko İY, Sorokina AI. 2024. Isolation of pure culture of rhizobia strains from cowpea and soybean nodules. Agroscience 2(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.24412/2949-2211-2024-2-1-61-69
Yeremko L, Czopek K, Staniak M, Marenych M, Hanhur V. 2025. Role of environmental factors in legume-rhizobium symbiosis: A review. Biomolecules 15, 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15010118
K. F. Bakhshaliyeva*, N. D. İmamquliyev, M. İ. Qasımova, S. M. Muradova, 2026. General characteristics of symbiotic relationships between bacteria belonging to the order rhizobiales and wild legumes. Int. J. Biosci., 29(1), 33-37.
Copyright © 2026 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.


