Seedling growth of some native trees in Ranu Pani- Ranu Regulo restoration area, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park
Paper Details
Seedling growth of some native trees in Ranu Pani- Ranu Regulo restoration area, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park
Abstract
The aim of the research was to classify seedling of native plant species in restoration programs based on species’ responses to planting time, species’ competitiveness to invasive species, and shading cover. We observed the growth rates and growth characteristics of Acer laurinum Hassk., Acmena acuminatissima (Blume) Merr. & L. M. Perry, Aglaia odoratissima Blume, Dodonaea viscosa Jacq., Engelhardia spicata Bl., Ficus sp., Homalanthus giganteus Zoll. & Mor., Lithocarpus sundaicus (Blume) Rehd. Macropanax dispermum Kuntze., Pittosporum moluccanum (Lamk.) Miq. and Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham in two sites—the first site was without exotic species and the second site was with abundant exotic species. The first observation was done six months after planting and the second observation was done twelve months after planting. Species’ survival together with plant’s height, stem diameter, emerging buds and young leaves was observed and measured. The results of the study showed that eleven seedling species each showed different responses to their planting environment (absence and presence of exotic species), planting time, and covering application. These seedling species fundamentally can be clustered in three clusters, namely plant with less adaptation, plant with moderate to good adaptation, and plant with most adaptation characters. Pioneer species shows its ability to grow in different planting times, survive under exotic plant species invasion, and adapt to frost attack. However, climax species need assistance and protection in order to enhance its survival. This study confirmed that in each restoration program, introducing pioneer species in the beginning of planting program could be significant.
Arisoesilaningsih E, Soejono, Widyati A, Palupi I, Kiswojo. 2001. Reproductive activity of three dry land rare trees species in Purwodadi Botanical Garden. In: Arisoesilaningsih E, Yanuwiadi B, Indriyani S, Ariyanti EE, Yulia DW, Soejono, Eds. Proceeding of National Seminar of Conservation and Resourcing Dry Land Plants, LIPI Purwodadi Botanical Garden and Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, 69-75.
Ball MC, Egerton J, Lutze JL, Gutschick VP, Cunningham RB. 2002. Mechanisms of competition: thermal inhibition of tree seedling growth by grass. Oecologia 133(2), 120-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-1044-z
Brauman KA, Daily GC, Duarte TKE, Mooney HA. 2007. The nature and value of ecosystem services: an overview highlighting hydrologic services. Annual Review Environment Resources 32, 67-98. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.32.031306.102758
Coble DW, Cao QV, Jordan L. 2012. An annual tree survival and diameter growth model for Loblolly and Slash Pine plantations in East Texas. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 36(2), 79-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/sjaf.10-032
Cole RJ, Holl KD, Keene CL, Zahawi RA. 2010. Direct seedling of late-successional trees to restore tropical montane forest. Journal of Forest Ecology and Management 261(Issue 10), 1590-1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.038
Coll M. 2008. A guide to growing Ireland’s native trees in celebration of a new Millennium. The People’s Millenium Forests. Northern Ireland.
Cordeiro NJ, Howe HF. 2001.Low recruitment of trees dispersed by animals in African forest fragments. Conservation Biology 15(6), 1733-1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.99579.x
D’odorico P, Fuentes JD, Pockman WT, Collins SL, He Y, Medeiros JS, Dewekker S, Litvak MY. 2010. Positive feedback between microclimate and shrub encroachment in the Northern Chihuahuan desert. Ecosphere, ESAJournal 1(6), Article 17, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES10-00073.1
Ellefson PV. 2000. The Safety of Our Forests and the Prosperity of Our People Has Gifford Pinchot’s Regulatory Vision Been Realized? Journal of Forestry 98(5), 14-22.
Groeneveld EV, Rochefort L. 2002. Nursing plants in peatland restoration: on their potential use to alleviate frost heaving problems. Suoseura 53(3-4), 73-85.
Guerrant EO, Kaye TN. 2007. Reintroduction of rare and endangered plants: common factors, questions and approaches. Australian Journal of Botany 55, 362-370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT06033
Hairiah K, Rahayu S. 2007. Measurement of ‘carbon stock’ in varies land use, Bogor. World Agroforestry Centre-ICRAF, SEA Regional Office, University of Brawijaya, Indonesia, 77.
Hakim L. 2011. Cultural landscapes of Tengger Highland, East Java, In: Hong SK, Wu J, Kim JE, Nakagoshi N, Eds. Landscape ecology in Asian cultures. Springer. Tokyo, 69-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-87799-8_6
Hakim L. 2012. Project on capacity building for restoration of ecosystems in conservation areas: Ranu Pani – Ranu Regulo, Bromo Tengger Semeru, National Park. JICA & Brawijaya University. Malang. Unpublished.
Hakim L, Retnaningdyah C, Sunaryo, Yanuwiadi B. 2011. Project on capacity building for restoration of ecosystem in conservation area: basic survey for Ranu Pani – Ranu Regulo restoration project, JICA- Ministry of Forestry- Dept. of Biology Brawijaya University- Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Malang, East Java. Unpublished.
Kamanga P, Vedeld P, Sjaastad E. 2009. Forest incomes and rural livelihoods in Chiradzulu District, Malawi. Ecological Economics 68 (3), 613-624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.08.018
Lambin EF, Turner B, Geist HJ, Agbola SB, Angelsen A, Bruce JW, Xu J. 2001. The causes of land-use and land-cover change: moving beyond the myths. Global environmental change 11(4), 261-269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(01)00007-3
Macyk TM, Widtman ZW, Betts V. 1989. Impact of climate on reclamation success in the Foothills/Mountains region of Alberta, Canada. In: Proceedings of Reclamation, a Global Perspective. Calgary, Alberta, Canada, August 27.
McNeely JA. 2003. Conserving forest biodiversity in times of violent conflict. Oryx 37(02), 142-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0030605303000334
Miyakawa H. 2010. Reconsideration of government guidelines on restoration of ecosystems in conservation areas. Project on capacity building for restoration of ecosystems in conservation areas. Indonesia Forestry Department and JICA. Jakarta. Unpublished.
Nogués-Bravo D, Araújo MB, Romdal T, Rahbek C. 2008. Scale effects and human impact on the elevational species richness gradients. Nature 453(7192),216-219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06812
Primack RB. 1991. Logging, conservation, and native rights in Sarawak forests. Conservation Biology 5(1), 126-130.
Qomaruddin M, Hakim L, Rahardi B. 2012. Spatial distribution of Exotic-Invasive Plants around Ranu Regulo Bromo Tengger National Park (BTSNP), East Java. In: Proceeding of 3rd International Conference on Global Resources Conservation 2012. Malang, July 7, 8-13.
Richter S. 2009. Frosts and freezes, Travis County Extension. Texas AgriLife Extension Service. Texas.
Snyder RL, Melo-Abreu JP. 2000. Frost protection: fundamentals, practice and economics 1. FAO.
Van Steenis CGGJ. 2010. Mountain Flora of Java, Edition of Indonesia, 2010, Translation by Kartawinata JA. Biology Research Centre-LIPI. SMK Grafika Desa Putera. Bogor.
West DH, Chappelka AH, Tilt KM, Ponder HG, Williams JD. 1999. Effect of tree shelters on survival, growth, and wood quality of 11 tree species commonly planted in the Southern United States, Journal of Arboriculture 25(2), 69-75.
Xu J, Ma ET, Tashi D, Fu Y, Lu Z, Melick D. 2005. Integrating sacred knowledge for conservation: cultures and landscapes in southwest China. Ecology and Society 10(7).
Young J, Watt A, Nowicki P, Alard D, Clitherow J, Henle K, Richards C. 2005. Towards sustainable land use: identifying and managing the conflicts between human activities and biodiversity conservation in Europe. Biodiversity and Conservation 14(7), 1641-1661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-0536-z
Yulistyarini T, Ariyanti EE. 2004. Reproductive activity, water status variation and stomatic regulation Juwet trees (Syzigium cumini). In: Proceeding of Conservation Seminar of Hindus Ritual Plant. LIPI Purwodadi Botanical Garden, 347-352.
Jehan Ramdani Hariyati, Endang Arisoesilaningsih, Luchman Hakim (2013), Seedling growth of some native trees in Ranu Pani- Ranu Regulo restoration area, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park; JBES, V3, N6, June, P47-55
https://innspub.net/seedling-growth-of-some-native-trees-in-ranu-pani-ranu-regulo-restoration-area-bromo-tengger-semeru-national-park/
Copyright © 2013
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0