Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the aqueous leaf extract of Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. traditionally used for ear disorders in Côte d’Ivoire
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Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the aqueous leaf extract of Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. traditionally used for ear disorders in Côte d’Ivoire
Abstract
Ear disorders, particularly otitis, remain important public health problems, and traditional medicine contributes to their management in many African countries. In Côte d’Ivoire, the leaves of Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. are traditionally used for ear disorders. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of its aqueous leaf extract (EAKc) using complementary experimental models. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using kaolin- and fresh egg albumin-induced paw edema in mice, analgesic activity using the hot-water tail immersion test, and antipyretic activity using brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. EAKc reduced paw edema in both models, with the strongest effect generally observed at 500 mg/kg. At 5 h, paw thickness was 2.27 ± 0.31 mm in the kaolin model and 1.80 ± 0.02 mm in the egg albumin model. At 500 mg/kg, tail-withdrawal latency reached 6.28 ± 0.18 s at 4 h, compared with 6.80 ± 0.06 s for aspirin. The strongest antipyretic effect was observed at 250 mg/kg, with a temperature of 35.80 ± 0.10°C at 5 h, compared with 37.30 ± 0.00°C in controls and 36.45 ± 0.05°C for paracetamol. Overall, the findings extend previous pharmacological evidence for K. crenata by integrating anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of its aqueous leaf extract. These findings support its traditional symptomatic use in ear disorders, without establishing efficacy directly against otitis or its infectious causes. Further phytochemical, safety, mechanistic and antimicrobial studies are needed.
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Monyn-Kouamé Ebalah Delphine*, Yéo Sounta Oumar, Sépé Gbodjrou Marthe, Kandé Brahima, 2026. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the aqueous leaf extract of Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. traditionally used for ear disorders in Côte d’Ivoire. Int. J. Biosci., 29(4), 81-89.
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