Effects of different hot water pre-germination treatment and germination media on the germination of Falcata (Falcataria moluccana, (Miq.) Barneby and J.W. Grimes)
Paper Details
Effects of different hot water pre-germination treatment and germination media on the germination of Falcata (Falcataria moluccana, (Miq.) Barneby and J.W. Grimes)
Abstract
Since hot water treatment is the most common pre-germination treatment for falcata seeds. The ideal soaking time in hot water (100°C) to break dormancy of falcata seeds and the effective germination media that can enhanced germination were investigated. The germination of seeds soaked in different length of time viz., 5 secs, 15 secs and 30 secs were compared. The germination media used in this study were direct potting (70% soil, 20% sand, 10%vermi cast), cloth, and tissue paper, pure sand and pure soil. All seeds treated with hot water were soaked overnight in tap water before transferring the seeds to the different germination media. Higher germination percentage (66%) was observed in 30 second soaking in hot water. The use of cloth resulted in significantly higher germination percentage as compared to other germination media. It is recommended in this study to use 30-second soaking in hot water plus overnight soaking in tap water as pre-germination treatment and the use of cloth as germination media.
Anino E. 1991. Control of rust disease of falcata (Parasirianthes falcataria L.) Forsberg) in Paper Industries Corporation of the Philippines. Philippine Lumberman.
Doungsa-ard C, McTaggart AR, Geering AD, Dalisay TU, Ray J, Shivas RG. 2015. Uromycladiumfalcatariumsp. nov., the cause of gall rust on Paraserianthesfalcatariain south-east Asia. Australasian Plant Pathology 44(1), 25-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13313-014-0301z
FAO. 2018. Seeds Toolkit-Module 3: Seed quality assurance. Food & Agriculture Organization (3).
FMB. 2009. Philippines forestry outlook study. food and agriculture organization of the united nations regional office for asia and the pacific. retrieved from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/am255e/am255e0.0.pdf
Gairola KC, Nautiyal AR, Dwivedi AK. 2011. Effect of temperatures and germination media on seed germination of Jatropha curcas Linn. Advances in bioresearch 2(2), 66-71.
Krisnawati H, Varis E, Kallio MH, Kanninen M. 2011. Paraserianthesfalcataria(L.) Nielsen: ecology, silviculture and productivity. Center for International Forestry Research.
Lacandula LF, Rojo MJ, Puno GR, Casas JV. 2017. Geospatial analysis on the influence of biophysical factors on the gall rust prevalence in Falcata (ParaserianthesfalcatariaL. Nielsen) plantation in Gingoog city, Philippines. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 11(4), 18-24.
Luna T, Wilkinson K, Dumroese RK. 2009. Seed germination and sowing options [Chapter 8]. In: Dumroese, R. Kasten; Luna, Tara; Landis, Thomas D., editors. Nursery manual for native plants: A guide for tribal nurseries-Volume 1: Nursery management. Agriculture Handbook 730. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service 730, p133-151.
Mamiro DP, Clement GH, Msemwa JI, Swai MM. 2015. Performance of cotton cloth substrates in laboratory sorghum seeds germination tests.
McDonnell A, Grant M, Coons JM. 2012. Effects of hot water on breaking seed dormancy of the endangered Kankakee mallow (Iliamna remota Greene (Malvaceae).
Munjuga MR, Gachuiri AN, Ofori DA, Mpanda MM, Muriuki JK, Jamnadass RH, Mowo JG. 2013. Nursery management, tree propagation and marketing: A training manual for smallholder farmers and nursery operators. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre.
Nemoto A. 2002. Farm tree planting and the wood industry in Indonesia: a study of Falcataria plantations and the Falcatariaproduct market in Java. Policy trend report, 2002, 42-51.
Nissen TM, Midmore DJ, Keeler AG. 2001. Biophysical and economic tradeoffs of intercropping timber with food crops in the Philippine uplands. Agricultural systems 67(1), 49-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(00)00049-4
Old KM, Cristovao CDS. 2003. A rust epidemic of the coffee shade tree (Paraserianthesfalcataria) in East Timor. Agriculture: New Directions for a New Nation East Timor (Timor-Leste). Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research Proceedings 113.
Omokhua GE, Ogu A, Oyebade BA. 2015. Effects of different sowing media on germination and early seedling growth of Terminalia ivorensis (A. Chev.). International journal of scientific & technology research 4(3), 119-122.
Paquit JC, Rojo MJA. 2018. Assessing suitable sites for Falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria Nielsen) plantation in Bukidnon, Philippines using GIS. International Journal of Biosciences 12(2), 317-325. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/12.2.317-325
Parrotta JA. 1990. Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen. Silvics of forestry trees of the American tropics. SO-ITF-SM-31. Forest Service, USDA, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.
Rahayu S, Lee SS, Shukor NAA. 2010. Uromycladium tepperianum, the gall rust fungus from Falcatariamoluccanain Malaysia and Indonesia. Mycoscience, 51(2), 149-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-009-00222
Sajeevukumar B, Sudhakara K, Ashokan PK, Gopikumar K. 1995. Seed dormancy and germination in Albiziafalcataria and Albiziaprocera. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 371-382.
Santos Martin F, Lusiana B, Van Noordwijk M. 2010. Tree growth prediction in relation to simple set of site quality indicators for six native tree species in the Philippines. International Journal of Forestry Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/5073.92
Shaban M. 2013. Effect of water and temperature on seed germination and emergence as a seed hydrothermal time model. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research 1(12), 1686-1691.
Sharma S, Naithani R, Varghese B, Naithani SC, Keshavkant S. 2008. Effect of hot-water treatment on seed germination of some fast growing tropical tree species. Journal of Tropical Forestry 24(3), 49-53.
Soerianegara I, Lemmens RHMJ. 1993. Plant resources of South-East Asia 5(1), Timber trees: major commercial timbers. Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Soliman AS, Abbas MS. 2013. Effects of sulfuric acid and hot water pre-treatments on seed germination and seedlings growth of Cassia fistula L. Am. Eurasian. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science 13, 7-15.
Varis E. 2011. Stand growth and management scenarios for Paraserianthes falcataria smallholder plantations in Indonesia. Master’s Thesis, Helsingforsuniversitet, p 10.
Niña May Rupinta, Michael Arieh P. Medina, Rico A. Marin, 2020. Effects of different hot water pre-germination treatment and germination media on the germination of Falcata (Falcataria moluccana, (Miq.) Barneby and J.W. Grimes). Int. J. Biosci., 16(2), 130-136.
Copyright © 2020 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.