Pesticides and our environment
Paper Details
Pesticides and our environment
Abstract
Pesticides include insecticides, rodenticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fumigants. Pesticides are used to kill the pests and insects which attack on crops and harm them. Pesticides benefit the crops however, they also impose a serious negative impact on the environment. Environmental impact of a pesticide depends on its dispersion in the environment and on its toxicological properties. Excessive use of pesticides may lead to the destruction of biodiversity. Many birds, aquatic organisms and animals are under the threat of harmful pesticides for their survival. Although pesticides are developed through very strict regulation processes to function with reasonable certainty and minimal impact on human health and the environment. Serious concerns have been raised about health risks resulting from occupational exposure and from residues in food and drinking water. Occupational exposure to pesticides often occurs in the case of agricultural workers in open fields and greenhouses, workers in the pesticide industry, and exterminators of house pests. Pesticide poisonings to wildlife may result from acute or chronic exposure. Additionally, pesticides may impact wildlife via secondary exposure or through indirect effects to the animal or its habitat. When people are exposed to pesticides they may feel dizzy, lightheaded, confused and may have reduced coordination and ability to think.
Agrawal A, Pandey RS, Sharma B. 2010. Water pollution with special reference to pesticide contamination in India. Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2, 432.
Aktar W, Sengupta D, Chowdhury A. 2009. Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards. Interdisciplinary toxicology 2, 1-12.
Alavanja MC. 2009. Introduction: Pesticides use and exposure, extensive worldwide. Reviews on environmental health 24, 303-310.
Bro-Rasmussen F. 1996. Contamination by persistent chemicals in food chain and human health. Science of the Total Environment 188, 45-60.
Chaturvedi M, Sharma C, Chaturvedi M. 2013. Effects of pesticides on human beings and farm animals: A case study. Research Journal of Chemical and Environmental Sciences 1, 14-19.
Garbi C, Casasús L, Martinez-Álvarez R, Robla JI, Martín M. 2006. Biodegradation of oxadiazon by a soil isolated Pseudomonas fluorescens strain CG5: Implementation in an herbicide removal reactor and modelling. Water research 40, 1217-1223.
Ghorab MA, Khalil MS. 2015. Toxicological effects of organophosphates pesticides. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis 3, 218.
Hadian Z, Eslamizad S, Yazdanpanah H. 2019. Pesticide Residues Analysis in Iranian Fruits and Vegetables by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 18, 1.
Hussain S, Siddique T, Saleem M, Arshad M, Khalid A. 2009. Impact of pesticides on soil microbial diversity, enzymes, and biochemical reactions. Advances in agronomy 102, 159-200.
Hutter HP, Moshammer H. 2018. Pesticides Are an Occupational and international journal environmental research and Public Health 15, 2-3.
Isman MB, Miresmailli S, Machial C. 2011. Commercial opportunities for pesticides based on plant essential oils in agriculture, industry and consumer products. Phytochemistry Reviews 10, 197-204.
Kalia A, Gosal SK. 2011. Effect of pesticide application on soil microorganisms. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 57, 569-596.
Lallas PL. 2001. The Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants. American Journal of International Law 95, 692-708.
Leena L, Dilip S, Brahmadeep A. 2015 Dangers of Pesticides on Wildlife Ecology international journal of granthaalay 9, 1-3.
Mahmood I, Imadi SR, Shazadi K, Gul A, Hakeem KR. 2016. Effects of pesticides on environment. In Plant, soil and microbes Springer Cham 253-269).
Maksymiv I. 2015. Pesticides: benefits and hazards. Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 2, 70-76.
Moriarty F. 1972. The effects of pesticides on wildlife: exposure and residues. Science of the total Environment 1, 267-288.
Nicolopoulou-Stamati P, Maipas S, Kotampasi C, Stamatis P, Hens L. 2016. Chemical pesticides and human health: the urgent need for a new concept in agriculture. Frontiers in public health 4, 148.
Sande D, Mullen J, Wetzstein M, Houston J. 2011. Environmental impacts from pesticide use: a case study of soil fumigation in Florida tomato production. International journal of environmental research and public health 8, 4649-4661.
Sharma DR, Thapa RB, Manandhar HK, Shrestha SM, Pradhan SB. 2012. Use of pesticides in Nepal and impacts on human health and environment. Journal of Agriculture and Environment 13, 67-74.
Sitaramaraju S, Prasad NVVSD, Reddy VC, Narayana E. 2014. Impact of pesticides used for crop production on the environment. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, 75-79.
Farooq Shahzad, Muhammad Kamran Taj, Ferhat Abbas, Imran Taj, Sajida Parveen, Abdul Manan Achakzai, Saima Azam, Ashiq Hussain, Abdul Rasheed Tareen, Ghulam Mohammad, Zohra Samreen, Bibi Sazian, Lal Bibi (2019), Pesticides and our environment; IJB, V14, N4, April, P475-479
https://innspub.net/pesticides-and-our-environment/
Copyright © 2019
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0