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Toxicological investigation of a bloom of the blue – green alga Lyngbya aestuarii in Basra Governorate Southern of Iraq

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Research Paper 01/07/2019
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Toxicological investigation of a bloom of the blue – green alga Lyngbya aestuarii in Basra Governorate Southern of Iraq

Emad Yousif Awad Al-Sultan, Faris shaker kataa, Amal Mussa Eassa
Int. J. Biosci.15( 1), 66-79, July 2019.
Certificate: IJB 2019 [Generate Certificate]
Key: CyanobacteriaCyanotoxinsLCMS/MSToxic bloom

Abstract

Many species of cyanobacteria can produce several toxic metabolites known as cyanotoxins that constitute a serious threat on aquatic organisms, wild life, domestic animals and human. The cyanobacterium Lyngbya aestuarii were collected from a unialgal bloom occurred in Al-Dawoodi River which is a branch of Garmat Ali River located in Basra governorate/southern Iraq during the desiccation period in Winter 2018. The current study is aimed to investigate the algal toxic compounds by using LC-MS/MS and ELISA technique and investigated its toxicity on laboratory mice. The water of sampling site for L. aestuarii was classified as saline water because its electrical conductivity and salinity was 18.67 and 14.93 ‰ which is in the range of 10 – 25 mmhos / cm and 7000 -15 000 mg /l for highly saline waters. The identified compounds with LC-MS/MS are Neosaxitoxin, Cryptophycin C and Dudawalamide B while the concentration of microcystins determined with ELISA kit was 0.156 µg/l. The median lethal dose reach to 560 mg/kg which indicated moderate to low toxicity of this alga. The symptom appeared on poisoning mice was typical of neurotoxicosis and no symptoms of hepatotoxicosis was appeared on them due to trace concentration of microcystins in the algal extract as emphased by ELISA kit. In conclusion, the current study investigated the dangerous impact of both desiccation and salinization of Basra Rivers which lead to a bloom of saline toxic blue-green alga L. aestuarii .

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