Toxicological effects of tobacco dust and smoke on human health
Paper Details
Toxicological effects of tobacco dust and smoke on human health
Abstract
This classic review aims to assess and describe the adverse effects of tobacco on people who either work at tobacco field or factories or use them in any form for chewing, smoking etc. These mainly occur due to the presence of various toxic chemicals in it, which enter the human body either through cutaneous or oral route. During the study, previous literature from research and review articles pertaining the harmful effects of tobacco were concerned and the cumulative effects being described. The possible mechanisms by which chemicals in tobacco cause illnesses have been analyzed and the overall negative influences of tobacco on human health have been discussed. Consumption of tobacco lead to various health hazards including hormonal dysfunction, cancer, lungs disorders, genotoxicity, tuberculosis, cardiovascular disorders and several others. Tobacco being a cash crop on one hand has negatively impacted human’s health on the other hand resulting in severe disorders. And keeping in mind the WHO estimates of mortality rate by 2030, public awareness programs should be commenced to tackle this sweltering concern across the globe.
Bagwe AN, Bhisey RA. 1993. Occupational exposure to tobacco and resultant genotoxicity in bidi industry workers. Mutation Research, 299, 103-9.
Bahattin A, Abdulkerim B, Cumhur K, Şennur A, Muhlise A. 1999. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women Working in a Tobacco Plant. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 29, 637-642.
Bhisey RA, Bagwe AN, Mahimkar MB, Buch SC. 1999. Biological monitoring of bidi industry workers occupationally exposed to tobacco. Toxicology Letters 108, 259–65.
Bhisey RA, Govekar RB. 1991. Biological monitoring of bidi rollers with respect to genotoxic hazards of occupational tobacco exposure. Mutation Research 261, 139–47.
Brown E. 2007. The Effects of Nicotine on Blood Glucose level. [Accessed May 16, 2016].
Centers for Disease Control. 2008. Cigarette smoking among adults – United States, 2004. (version current at august 25, 2008). http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/m5444a2.htm
Davies PD, Yew WW, Ganguly D, Davidow AL, Reichman LB, Dheda K, Rook GA. 2006. Smoking and tuberculosis: the epidemiological association and immune pathogenesis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100(4), 291–8.
Doll R, Hill AB. 1956. Lung cancer and other causes of death in relation to smoking; a second report on the mortality of British doctors. Britain Medical Journal 2(5001), 1071–81.
Doll R. 1996. Cancers weakly related to smoking. Britain Medical Journal 52, 35–49.
Doll R. 1996. Risk from tobacco and potentials for health gain. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 3, 90–9.
Foy JW, Bombick BR, Bombick DW, Doolittle DJ, Mosberg AT, Swauger JE. 2004. A comparison of in vitro toxicities of cigarette smoke condensate from Eclipse cigarettes and four commercially available ultra-low-“tar” cigarettes. Food and Chemical Toxicology 42, 237–43.
Gaur K, Kasliwal N, Gupta R. 2012. Association of smoking or tobacco use with ear diseases among men: a retrospective study. Tobacco Induced Diseases 10(4).
Haber H, Raber W, Vetter N. 2004. Bronchial asthmatic disease associated with tobacco dust: An occupational lung disease. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift 116, 38–9.
Henschke CI, Yip R, Miettinen OS. 2006. Women’s susceptibility to tobacco carcinogens and survival after diagnosis of lung cancer. International Early Lung Cancer Action Program Investigators. Journal of the American Medical Assocation 296, 180–4.
Hoffman D, Hoffman I. 1997. The changing cigarette. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 50, 307–64.
Hoffman D, Revenson A, Hecht SS. 1996. The biological significance of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines: Smoking and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 26, 199–211.
Jesse OT, Stanley HH, Kabirullah L, Theodore CF. 2012. The endocrine effects of nicotine and cigarette smoke. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 23(7), 334–342.
Jha P, Jacob B, Gajalakshmi V, Gupta PC, Dhingra N, Kumar R, Sinha DN, Dikshit RP, Parida DK, Kamadod R, Boreham J, Peto R, RGI-CGHR Investigators. 2008. A nationally representative case-control study of smoking and death in India. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(11), 1137–47.
Khanna A, Gautam DS, Gokhale M, Jain SK. 2014. Tobacco Dust Induced Genotoxicity as an Occupational Hazard in Workers of Bidi Making Cottage Industry of Central India. Toxicology International 21(1), 18–23.
Kumar N, Bharathi P. 2010. A study on occupational health hazards among women Beedi rollers in Tamilnadu, India. International Journal of Current Research 11, 117-122.
Lash T, Aschengrau A. 1999. Active and passive cigarette smoking and the occurrence of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 149, 5–12.
Lee PN. 2000. Lung cancer and type of cigarette smoked. Inhal Toxicol; 13, 951–76.
Lonnroth K, Castro KG, Chakaya JM, Chauhan LS, Floyd K, Glaziou P, Raviglione MC. 2010. Tuberculosis control and elimination 2010-50: cure, care, and social development. Lancet, 375 (9728), 1814–29.
Manoj B, Mahimkar MB, Bhisey RA. 1995. Occupational exposure to bidi tobacco increases aberrations in tobacco processors. Mutation Research 334(2), 139-144.
Mathers CD, Loncar D. 2006. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLOS Medicine 3(11), 442.
Milic M, Kasuba V, Orescanin V, Zeljezic D, Kopjar N, Rozgaj R. 2008. Chromosome damage in workers in cigarette manufacturing industry. Journal of applied toxicology 28, 399-404.
Murray J, Lopez AD. 1997. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990–2020: Global burden of disease study. Lancet 349, 1498–1504.
Parkin C, Fairweather D, Shamsi Z, Stanley N, Hindmarch I. 1998. The effects of cigarette smoking on overnight performance. Psychopharmacology, 136, 172– 178.
Pasupathi PG, Bakthavathsalam Y, Rao F. 2009. Cigarette smoking -effect of metabolic health risk: a review. Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews 3, 120-127.
Patel JD. 2005. Lung cancer in women. Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, 3212–8.
Pershagen G, Akerblom G, Axelson O, Clavensjö B, Damber L, Desai G, Enflo A, Lagarde F, Mellander H, Svartengren M. 1994. Residential radon exposure and lung cancer in Sweden. New England Journal of Medicine 330, 159–64.
Poonam S, Asha K, Jain SK. 2010. Evaluation of genotoxicity in Bidi Rollers occupationally exposed to tobacco dust. National Journal of Life Sciences 7, 89–93.
Ramlau Hansen CH, Thulstrup AM, Olsen J, Bonde JP. 2008. Parental sub fecundity and risk of decreased semen quality in the male offspring: a follow-up study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 167(12), 1458–64.
Sepaniak S, Forges T, Monnier Barbarino P. 2006. Cigarette smoking and fertility in women and men. Gynecologie, Obstetrique and Fertilite 34(10), 945–9.
Shona CF, Adrian C, David CC. 2010. A Systematic Review of Occupational Exposure to Particulate Matter and Cardiovascular Disease. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7(4), 1773–1806.
Sibu PS, Deepak KB, Thomas FW, Gairola CG. 2007. Cigarette smoke and adverse health effects: An overview of research trends and future needs. International Journal of Angiology 16(3), 77–83.
Sinczuk-Walczak H, Jakubowski M, Matczak W.2001. Cardiac examination of workers occupationally exposed to tobacco dust. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health.
Soares SR, Melo MA. 2008. Cigarette smoking and reproductive functions. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 20(3), 281–91.
Soares SR, Simon C, Remohí J, Pellicer A. 2007. Cigarette smoking affects uterine receptiveness. Human Reproduction 22(2), 543–7.
Uitti J, Nordaman H, Huuskonen M, Roto P, Husman K, Reiman M. 1998. Respiratory health in cigar factory workers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 55, 834-839.
Umadevi B, Swama M, Padmavathi P, Jyothi A, Reddy PP. 2003. Cytogenetic effects in workers occupationally exposed to tobacco dust. Mutation Research 535, 147–154.
US Department of Health and Human Services. Women and Smoking: A report of the surgeon general. (Version current at August 25, 2008). http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/womenandobacco/index.html
World Health Organization. 2012. Report on the global tobacco epidemic. Implementing smoke-free environments. Geneva; Switzerland.
World Health Organization. 2010. Global Tuberculosis Control: WHO Report 2010? Geneva (Switzerland).
World Health Organization. 2008. Global Tuberculosis Control—Surveillance, Planning, Financing. Geneva (Switzerland).
Xie XT, Liu Q, Wu J, Wakui M. 2009. Impact of cigarette smoking in type 2 diabetes development. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 30(6), 784-787.
Zhu CQ, Lam TH, Jiang CQ, Wei BX, Lou X, Liu WW, Lao XQ, Chen YH. 1999. Lymphocyte DNA damage in cigarette factory workers measured by the Comet assay. Mutation Research 444(1), 21, 1-6.
Raza Ullah, Ihteshamul Haq, Shakeel Ahmad, Fazli Zahir, Muhammad Zeeshan, Habib Ullah Khan, Waqar Ahmad, Izaz Ali, 2019. Toxicological effects of tobacco dust and smoke on human health. Int. J. Biosci., 15(2), 42-50.
Copyright © 2019 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.