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Anatomical variation and molecular characterization of Catharanthus roseus through RAPD analysis

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Research Paper 15/10/2022
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Anatomical variation and molecular characterization of Catharanthus roseus through RAPD analysis

S.N. Sima, Tanzin Afsana
Int. J. Biosci.21( 4), 121-132, October 2022.
Certificate: IJB 2022 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Anatomical characterCatharanthus roseus L.Cluster analysisGenetic diversityRAPD

Abstract

Catharanthus roseus is one of the most interesting groups of ornamental plants in the world with high medicinal value and member of the family Apocynaceae. The goal of this study was to investigate the anatomical and molecular characterization of five types (White yellow, White red, Pink yellow, Pink red, and Red yellow) of C. roseus plant. The anatomical study was made by cutting transverse sections of the materials and stained with double stained techniques and observed data with the help of high-powered compound microscope. Molecular analysis was done by using RAPD molecular markers with four primers. Anatomical analysis indicated that the epidermis was recorded as a single layer. Bi-collateral vascular bundle was present and frequently arranged in radial symmetry in the stem. The results of RAPD markers revealed a total of sixty-nine (69) amplified bands, forty-six (46) of them were monomorphic and twenty-three (23) of them were polymorphic from using four primers. The result of dendrogram separated the five types of C. roseus into two major clusters (C1 and C2). Cluster C1 is represented by a single type Red yellow indicating that it is distinct from other four types, and Cluster C2 is represented by the other four types of C. roseus. The dendrogram and linkage distance revealed that the highest similarity was 70% between S1 (White yellow types) and S2 (White red types). However, the lowest similarity was 41.7% between S3 (Pink yellow types) and S5 (Red yellow types). This study could provide a key platform for further crop improvement at molecular level for genetic variability and cross breeding.

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