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Anti-rubella antibodies seroprevalence among pregnant women, attending antenatal care at the Sino-Gabonese friendship hospital in Franceville

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Research Paper 09/08/2024
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Anti-rubella antibodies seroprevalence among pregnant women, attending antenatal care at the Sino-Gabonese friendship hospital in Franceville

Thiéry Ndong Mba, Hilaire Moundounga Kenguele, Cédric Sima Obiang, Kervaly Pierre Bithegue Mba, Ulrick Nzamba, Jean Bruno Mamboundou, Clay Archange Boupoya, Louis Clément Obame Engonga, Patrick Mickala
Int. J. Biosci.25( 2), 273-282, August 2024.
Certificate: IJB 2024 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Anti-rubella antibodiesFrancevilleFriendship Sino-Gabonese hospitalGabonPregnant womenSeroprevalence

Abstract

Pregnant women represent a population category at high risk of severe rubella infection, capable of adversely affecting their fetus. This study was conducted to determine the anti-rubella antibodies seroprevalence, among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Sino-Gabonese Friendship Hospital in Franceville. A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sino-Gabonese Friendship Hospital in Franceville, from April to June 2023. Using a structured, pre-established and pre-tested questionnaire, sociodemographic, and obstetrical characteristics, were obtained. Three milliliters of serum obtained after centrifugation of the 10 ml of blood sample collected from the participants, were used to measure rubella-specific IgG antibody levels using the OnSite Rapid Test Rubella IgG/IgM COMBO lateral flow immunochromatographic test. Results were considered significant at p≤0.05. The study included 107 pregnant women attending antenatal care. With a mean age of 27.9±7.1 years, anti-Rubella IgG antibodies were found in 87 pregnant women, indicating an overall seroprevalence of 81.30% (95% CI: [0.72 – 0.87). Of these, 6.9% (n = 6) of the women were serum anti-Rubivirus IgM carriers. In univariate analysis, it was indicated that pregnant women in the study aged between 21-30 years (OR =0.33; 95% CI: [0.12-0.9] p=0.0027), student (OR =6.35; 95% CI: [1.39-29.09] p=0.001), or without professional status (OR =0.05; 95% CI: [0.01- 0.27] p<0.001), high school education (OR =8.24; 95% CI: [2.83-23.96] p<0.001), single (OR =0.3; 95% CI: [0.11-0.85] p=0.0021) or cohabiting OR =3.91; 95% CI: [1.21-12.64] p=0.0017) Residing in an urban area (OR =49; 95% CI: [1.43-16.75] p=0.006), in the first trimester of their pregnancy (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: [0.09-0.94] p= 0.033), with a history of spontaneous abortion (OR = 0.09; 95% CI: [1.04; 11.30] p= 0. 037), and unvaccinated (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: [0.05; 0.13] p<0.000), had an elevated risk of Rubella, After adjusting of risk factors by logistic regression, residence in a rural area (aOR = 139.87 95% CI : [1.74 -11236.216] p=0.027), and no vaccination (aOR = 43.3 95% CI: [1.13 -1662.7] p= 0.043), were identified as the only significant risk factors for Rubella infection in the present study. The high rate of anti-rubella antibodies seroprevalence among pregnant women in the present study indicates that any short-term vaccination strategy aimed at reducing the number of susceptible women of childbearing age is imperative.

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