Assessing the impact of agronomic spacing conditions on biophysical and biochemical parameters along with yield and yield components in cotton
Paper Details
Assessing the impact of agronomic spacing conditions on biophysical and biochemical parameters along with yield and yield components in cotton
Abstract
Spacing, an agronomic factor, is considered as one of the key management components in any cropping system. The experiment was conducted during 2011-2012 to evaluate the effects of different levels of spacing on biophysical and biochemical parameters along with yield and yield components in cotton (Gossypium spp.) during kharif season in the fields of Vadodara Taluka. Three different levels of plant spacing 60, 50 and 40 cm with a consistent row width of 210 cm were selected. The soil of the experimental field was black clayey soil. The analysis was carried out during disparate growth stages like square formation, Peak flowering and Boll bursting stages of cotton crop. The Results obtained showed that all the traits were significantly affected by different spacing used. Higher values for biophysical and biochemical parameters were observed at wider and optimum spacing for different growth stages. Furthermore yield and yield components also showed highest values for optimum spacing unlike plant height which attained its apogee at wider spacing. On the basis of findings, growing cotton at plant spacing of 60 and 50 cm remains the prime recommendation.
Ahmed M, Asif M, Fayyaz-ul-Hassan, Ahmad ZI, Chaudhry AN. 2012. Resilience of physiological attributes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to abiotic stresses. Scientific Research and Essays 7(35), 3099-3106.
Al-Dalian SA, Abdel-Ghani AH, Al-Dala’een Thalaen HA. 2012. Effect of planting date and spacing on growth and yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under irrigated conditions. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 15(23), 1126-1132.
Alitabar RA, Salimbeck R, Alishah O, Andarkhor SA. 2012. Interactive Effects of Nitrogen and Row Spacing on Growth and Yield of Cotton Varieties. International Journal of Biology 4(3), 124 – 129.
Anyanwu CP. 2013. Plant Spacing, Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Local and Improved Maize Cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture & Environment 1, 14-20.
Arnon DI. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts po1ypheno1oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24, 1–15.
Barrs HD, Weatherley PE. 1962. A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficit in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 15, 413-428.
Bates LS, Waldron RP, Teare ID. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil 39, 205-207.
Bozorgi HR, Faraji A, Danesh RK, Keshavarz A, Azarpour E, Tarighi F. 2011. Effect of Plant Density on Yield and Yield Components of Rice. World Applied Sciences Journal 12(11), 2053-2057.
Darawsheh MK, Khah EM, Aivalakis G, Chachalis D, Sallaku F. 2009. Cotton row spacing and plant density cropping systems I. Effects on accumulation and partitioning of dry mass and LAI. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 7 (3&4), 258-261.
Dimri DC, Lal G. 1997. Effect of nitrogen and spacing on leaf-nitrogen status and chlorophyll content in tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.. Annals of Agricultural Research 18(1), 108-110. Gitelson AA, Gritz Y, Merzlyak MN. 2003. Relationships between leaf chlorophyll content and spectral reflectance and algorithms for non-destructive chlorophyll assessment in higher plant leaves. Journal of Plant Physiolgy 160, 271 – 282.
Ibeawuchi II, Matthews-Njoku E, Ofor MO, Anyanwu CP, Onyia VN. 2008. Plant Spacing, Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Local and Improved Maize Cultivars. The Journal of American Science 4(1), 11-19.
Islam M, Saha S, Akand MH, Rahim MA. 2011. Effect of spacing on the growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Central European Agriculture 12(2), 328-335.
Kirby EJM, Faris DD. 1970. Plant population induced growth correlations in the barley plant main shoot and possible hormonal mechanisms. Journal of Experimental Botany 21(3), 787-798.
Kumar M, Rawat TS. 2002. Effect of Nitrogen And Spacing On The Quality And Yield of Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. var. capitata). Agricultural Science Digest 22(2), 90 -92.
Landiver JA, Baker DN, Hodges HF. 1988. Leaf area index development and yield of cotton cultivars differing in maturities. Proceedings of Beltwide cotton production research conference, 3-8th June, 1988, New Orleans, Lovisiana, USA.
Maas AL, Hanna WW, Mullinix BG. 2007. Planting date and row spacing affects grain yield and height of pearl millet Tifgrain 102 in the Southeastern coastal plain of the United States. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 5(1), 1-4.
Mansoor M, Khan H, Ayaz M, Zubair M, Nadim MA. 2010. Effect of different planting densities on some physiological parameters of Mungbean. Journal of Research 26(2), 1-8.
Mohamadzadeh M, Siadat SA, Norof MS, Naseri R. 2011. The effects of planting date and row spacing on yield, yield components and associated traits in winter Safflower under rain fed conditions. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultual and Environmental Sciences 10(2), 200-206.
Munir M, Mcneilly T. 1987. Dry matter accumulator, height and yield in spring oil seed rape as affects by fertilizer band spacing. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 8(2), 143-149.
Nadeem MA, Ali A, Tahir M, Naeem M, Chadhar AR, Ahmad S. 2010. Effect of Nitrogen Levels and Plant Spacing on Growth and Yield of Cotton. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences 8(2), 121-124.
Obi IU. 1991. Maize, its agronomy, diseases, pests and food values. Optional Computer Solutions Ltd., Enugu, 207 P.
Odabas MS, Uzun S, Gulumser A. 2008. The effect of light interception and light use rfficiency with different sowing time of Faba bean (Vicia Faba L.). International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences 2(1), 87-91.
Patil MD, Biradar DP, Patil VC, Janagoudaret BS. 2011. Response of Cotton Genotypes to Drought Mitigation Practices. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultual and Environmental Sciences 11(3), 360-364.
Puri S, Swamy SL. 2001. Growth and biomass production in Azadirachta indica seedling in response to nutrients (N and P) and moisture stress. Agroforestry Systems 51, 57–68.
Reddy AN, Kumari SR. 2004. Association of physiological parameters with yield and yield components in American Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Madras Agricultural Journal 91(7-12), 515-518.
Riahinia S, Dehdashti SM. 2008. Row spacing effects on light extinction coefficients, Leaf area index, Leaf area index affecting in photosynthesis and grain yield of corn (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Journal of Biological sciences 8(5), 954-957.
Sabo MU, Wailare MA, Aliyu M, Jari S, Shuaibu YM. 2013. Effect of NPK fertilizer and spacing on growth and yield of watermelon (Citrillus lanatus L.) in Kaltungo Local Government area of Gombe State, Nigeria. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science 3(8), 325-330.
Saleem MF, Bilal MF, Awais M, Shahid MQ, Anjum SA. 2010. Effect of nitrogen on seed cotton yield and fiber qualities of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 20(1), 23-27.
Saranga Y, Menz M, Jiang CX, Robert JW, Yakir D, Andrew HP. 2001. Genomic dissection of genotype x environment interactions conferring adaptation of cotton to arid conditions. Genome Research 11(12), 1988-1995.
Seginer I. 2004. Plant spacing effect on the nitrogen concentration of a crop. European Journal of Agronomy 21, 369-377.
United States, Departament of Agriculture. 2012. World Agricultural Production. Accessed March 05, 2012, Available from: http://www.fas.usda.gov/wap/current/default.asp
Yu GR, Miwa T, Nakayama K, Matsuoka N, Kon H. 2000. A proposal for universal formulas for estimating leaf water status of herbaceous and woody plants based on spectral reflectance properties. Plant and Soil 227(1-2), 47- 58.
Zhou XB, Chen YH, Ouyang Z. 2011b. Row spacing effect on leaf area development, light interception, crop growth and grain yield of summer soybean crops in Northern China. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(6), 1430-1437.
Zhou XB, Qi L, Yang GM, Chen YH. 2011a. Row spacing effect on soil and leaf water status of summer soybean. The Journal of Animal and Plant sciences 21(4), 680-685.
Deepika B. Singh, Ramandeep Kaur M. Malhi, G. Sandhya Kiran (2015), Assessing the impact of agronomic spacing conditions on biophysical and biochemical parameters along with yield and yield components in cotton; IJAAR, V6, N1, January, P36-44
https://innspub.net/assessing-the-impact-of-agronomic-spacing-conditions-on-biophysical-and-biochemical-parameters-along-with-yield-and-yield-components-in-cotton/
Copyright © 2015
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0