Assessing the suitability of fly ash and rice husk ash from Misamis Oriental, Philippines in producing bricks for pedestrian and light traffic applications

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/01/2022
Views (723) Download (107)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Assessing the suitability of fly ash and rice husk ash from Misamis Oriental, Philippines in producing bricks for pedestrian and light traffic applications

Liezl M Jabile, Jeffrey Ken B Balangao, Consorcio S Namoco Jr, Dave Raphael A Dumanat, John Paul M Relacion
J. Bio. Env. Sci.20( 1), 10-23, January 2022.
Certificate: JBES 2022 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) are agro-industrial wastes generated continually thereby requiring sustainable and environment-friendly ways in the treatment process. This study aimed at assessing the suitability of FA and RHA from Misamis Oriental, Philippines in producing bricks that can possibly be used for pedestrian and light traffic purposes. Quantitative experimental method was used in the study. Bricks were manufactured utilizing 40 to 95% Class F-type FA, 0 to 55% Class F-type RHA, 5% bentonite as the binder, 800⁰C-firing temperature and 4-8 hours-firing time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for morphological characterization of the bricks. % FA utilization was directly proportional to compressive strength of the bricks but inversely with water absorption, abrasion resistance and saturation coefficient. % RHA utilization was inversely proportional to compressive strength but directly proportional to the other mechanical properties. Firing time had no effect at all. SEM revealed that internally, bricks were combination of spherically and irregularly-shaped particles. Parameters used produced bricks but not suitable for pedestrian and light traffic purposes. It is recommended to increase the firing temperature and vary other parameters in the production such as %water added, number of days of air drying, molding pressure among others.

VIEWS 196

AASHTO T 255. 2008. Standard Method of Test for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by Drying. Washington, DC, USA: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.

Abbas S, Saleem MA, Kazmi SMS, Munir MJ. 2017. Production of sustainable clay bricks using waste fly ash: Mechanical and durability properties. Journal of Building Engineering 14, 7-14.

ASTM C 109-99. 1999. Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50mm] Cube Specimens). West Conshohocken, PA, USA, ASTM International.

ASTM C 128-01e1. 2001. Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate. West Conshohocken, PA, USA, ASTM International.

ASTM C 902. 2016. Standard Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick, Annual Book of Standards, Vol. 04.05, West Conshohocken, PA, ASTM International.

ASTM C618-17a. 2017. Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.

Bada SO, Potgieter -Vermaak S. 2008. Evaluation and Treatment of Coal Fly Ash for Adsorption Application. Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies 7, 37- 48.

Bansal R, Singh V, Pareek RK. 2015. Effect on Compressive Strength with Partial Replacement of Fly Ash. International journal on emerging technologies, Sirsa, India.

Cultrone G, Sebastián E. 2009. Fly ash addition in clayey materials to improve the quality of solid bricks. Construction and Building Materials 23, 1178-1184.

Davidovits J. 2011. Geopolymer Chemistry & Applications. 3 ed. Saint-Quentin: Insti-tut 18-Geopolymere.

Eliche-Quesada D, Felipe-Sesé MA, López-Pérez JA, Infantes-Molina A. 2017. Characterization and evaluation of rice husk ash and wood ash in sustainable clay matrix bricks, Ceramics International 43 (1), 463-475.

Hegazy B E-D E, Fouad HA, Hassanain AM. 2012. Incorporation of water sludge, silica fume, and rice husk ash in brick making. Advances in Environmental Research 1, 83-96.

IS 3495 (Part 2). 1992. Methods of Tests of Burnt Clay Building Bricks, Part 2 -Determination of Water Absorption.

Jafri MM, Kumar P. 2013. A feasibility study in low volume road embankment constructions using fly ash. VSRD International Journal of Electrical, Electronics & Communication Engineering III.

Kazmi SMS, Abbas S, Saleem MA, Munir MJ, Khitab A. 2016. Manufacturing of sustainable clay bricks: Utilization of waste sugarcane. Construction and Building Materials 120, 29-41.

Khairul Nizar I, Al Bakri AMM, Rafiza AR, Kamarudin H, Abdullah A, Yahya Z. 2014. Study on physical and chemical properties of fly ash from different area in Malaysia. In Key Engineering Materials (Vol. 594, pp. 985-989). Trans Tech Publications.

Leiva C, Arenas C, Alonso-fariñas B, Vilches LF, Peceño B, Rodriguez-galán M, Baena F. 2016. Characteristics of fired bricks with co-combustion fly ashes. Journal of Building Engineering 5, 114-118.

Levandowski J, Kalkreuth W. 2009. Chemical and petrographical characterization of feed coal, fly ash and bottom ash from the Figueira Power Plant, Paraná, Brazil. International Journal of Coal Geology 77, 269- 281.

Lingling X, Wei G, Tao W, Nanru Y. 2005. Study on Fired Bricks with Replacing Clay by Fly Ash in High Volume Ratio. Construction and Building Materials 19, 243-247.

Malhotra VM, Ramezaniarpour AR. 1994. Fly Ash in Concrete, CANMET, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada.

Mehta PK, Monteiro PJM. 1993. Concrete: Microstructure, Properties and Materials, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, USA.

Mehta PK. 1983. Pozzolanic and Cementitious By-Products and Mineral Admixtures for Concrete – A Critical Review. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on the Use of Fly Ash, Silica Fume, and other minerals in Concrete, Montebellow, Canada, V.M. Malhotra, Ed., ACI Special Publication No. SP-79 1, 1-40.

Mehta PK. 1989. Pozzolanic and Cementitious By-Products in Concrete – Another Look. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Use of Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag, and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, Trondheim, Norway, V.M. Malhotra, Ed., ACI Special Publication No. SP-114 1, 1-43.

Mehta PK. 1992. Rice-Husk Ash-a Unique Supplementary Cementing Materials. In: Proceedings of the CANMET/ACI International Symposium on Advances in Concrete Technology, Athens, Greece pp. 23-28.

More AK, Tarade A, Anant A. 2014. Assessment of the Suitability of Fly Ash and Rice Husk Ash on Burnt Clay Bricks. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications Volume 4, Issue 7, pp. 1-6.

Pawar AS, Garud DB. 2014. Engineering properties of clay bricks with use of fly ash. Int J Res Engineering Tech 3, 75-80.

Richard O, Ramli M, Al Shareem KM. 2013. Experimental production of sustainable lightweight foamed concrete. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 3(4), 1-12.

Sil A, Roy DKS. 2015. Performance of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete Using Local Power Plant Fly Ash. International Journal of Composite and Constituent Materials journals pub, 2015.

Sutas J, Mana A, Pitak L. 2014. Effect of Rice Husk and Rice Husk Ash to Properties of Bricks. Procedia Engineering 32, 1061-1067.

Xu MH, Yan R, Zheng CG, Qiao Y, Han J, Sheng CD. 2004. Status of trace element emission in a coal combustion process: A review. Fuel Processing Technology 85(2-3), 215-237.

Xue Y, Hou H, Zhu S, Zha J. 2009. Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Ash in Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixture: Pavement Performance and Environmental Impact. Construction and Building Materials 23, 989-996.