Assessment of ELISA and real time PCR in diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnant Women of Peshawar, Pakistan
Paper Details
Assessment of ELISA and real time PCR in diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnant Women of Peshawar, Pakistan
Abstract
Human Cytomegaloviruses and Herpes Simplex Viruses are the major cause of serious viral complications in pregnant women. Conventional screening methods that is ELISA for detecting Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) tend to be slow and insensitive. Therefore in this work, a rapid Real Time PCR-based assay was designed to detect CMV and HSV which are responsible for causing various viral infections among pregnant women in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The present study aimed to compare the specificity and sensitivity of the PCR-based assay with ELISA based assay in the diagnosis of HCMV and HSV infections in pregnant women in Khyber PakhtunKhwa. In order to check the validity of Real time PCR technique in the early diagnosis of the infection, serological results were compared to the results of Real Time PCR based detection of HCMV and HSV from serum samples. Our study revealed that among the ELISA screened 175 positive sera samples i.e 81 (70%) of CMV and 34(30%) of HSV, while 17 (10%) had positive results for CMV DNA and 7(4%) had HSV DNA through real-time PCR. Real time PCR was more sensitive and reliable method in diagnosis of CMV and HSV infections in pregnant women in this comparative study.
Ali HM, Kadhim RA, Diyar KF, Hussein HJ, Altaee ZM. 2012. Seroprevalence study of IgG and IgM Antibodies to Toxoplasma, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes Simplex II in pregnancy women in Babylon Province. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare2, 159-164.
Anzivino E, Fioriti D, Mischitelli M, Bellizzi A, Barucca V, Chiarini F, Pietropaolo V. 2009. Herpes simplex virus infection in pregnancy and in neonate: status of art of epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy and prevention. Virology Journal 6, 40-41.
Berth M, Bosmans E. 2010. Comparison of three automated immunoassay methods for the determination of Cytomegalovirus specific immunoglobulin M. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology17, 559-563.
Binnicker MJ, Jespersen DJ, Harring JA. (2010). Multiplex detection of IgM and IgG class antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus ,and cytomegalovirus using a novel multiplex flow immunoassay. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 17, 1734-38.
Duran N. 2004. Serological Evaluation of HSV-1 and HSV-2 Infection in Pregnancy. Turk Journal of Medical Sciences 34, 97-101.
Festary A, Kouri V, Denis V, Tania R, Maratha P. 2015. Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Infections in Mothers and Newborns in a Havana Maternity Hospital. International Journal of Cubian Health and Medicine 17, 29-34.
Gaytant MA, Steegers EA, Semmekrot BA, Merkus HM, Galama JM. 2002. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: review of the epidemiology and outcome. Obstetetrical and Gynecology Survey 57, 245–256.
Hasan AR, Duliami AA, Hwaid AH, Mageed WA, Fadeel ZG. 2013. Seroprevalence of anti- Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 IgG, IgM antibodies among pregnant women in Diyala Province. Diyala Journal of Medicine 5, 36-43.
Lenochova P, Hodny Z, Vondrova M. 2011. Fatal attraction phenomenon in humans: cat odour attractiveness increased for toxoplasma-infected men while decreased for infected women. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases 5, 1389.
Mukundan P, Jadvan, M, John TJ. 1977. Prevalence of cytomegalovirus antibody in young children in vellore. Indian Journal of Medical Research 65, 589-592.
Prentice H, Kho P. 1997. Clinical strategies for the management of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Bone Marrow Transplantation 19, 135-142.
Rehab S, Ramadhan Sara A, Jihad. 2015. Molecular study of CMV isolated from women with repeated miscarriage in relation to immune response molecule TLR2. International Journal of Advanced Research 3, 725-732.
Roizman B, Knipe DM, Whitley RJ. Herpes Simplex Viruses. 2007. Lippincot: Williams & Wilkins.
Sen MR, Shukla BN, Banerjee T. 2012. Prevalence of Serum Antibodies to TORCH Infection in and around Varanasi, Northern India. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 9, 1483 -1485.
Sifakis S, Koumantakis E, Koffa M, Ergazaki M, Spandidos DA. 1988. Detection of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) in aborted material using polymerase chain reaction technique. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 45, 109-115.
Surpam RB, Kmlakar UP, Khadse RK, Qazi MS, Jalgaonkar SV. 2006. Serological study for TORCH infection in women with bad obstetric history. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology India 56, 41-43.
Thikra AM, Baqur AS, Sabah NM, Sundus NH. 2015. Serological and Molecular Diagnosis of Rubella virus and Cytomegalovirus in aborted Patients in Al-Najaf province. Kufa Journal of Nursing Sciences 5, 1-7.
Yasodhara P, Ramalakshmi BA, Lakshmi V, Krishna TP. 2004. Socioecomic status and prevalence of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 22, 241-243.
Ziyaeyan M, Alborzi A, Abbasian A, Kalani M, Moravej A, Nasiri J. 2007. Detection of HCMV DNA in placenta, amniotic fluid and fetuses of seropositive women by nested PCR. European Journal of Pediatrics 7, 723-736.
Saira Jamil, Bashir Ahmad, Sajid Ali, Shumaila Bashir, Nourin Mahmood, Muhammad Idrees, 2017. Assessment of ELISA and real time PCR in diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnant Women of Peshawar, Pakistan. Int. J. Biosci., 11(2), 35-42.
Copyright © 2017 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.