Paper Details

Assessment of groundwater quality of district Dir Lower Pakistan

Sana Ullah, M. Waqas Javed, Syed Basit Rasheed, Qaisar Jamal, Fawad Aziz, Sana Ullah

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/4.8.248-255

Int. J. Biosci. 4(8), 248-255. April, 2014. (PDF)

Abstract:

The present study was aimed to assess the drinking water quality in District Dir Lower. During the study 33 water samples were collected from tube wells, dug wells and hand pumps and were analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. The results of evaluated parameters were compared against the standard guideline values recommended by the World Health Organization for drinking water. The parameters studied were variable in different ranges: pH 6.5-8.5, conductivity 680-3250 µs/cm, total solids 880-1250 mg/L, total hardness 260-615 mg/L, calcium hardness 150-340 mg/L, magnesium hardness 75-220 mg/L, alkalinity 190-420 mg/L, total dissolved solids 720-2010 mg/L, total suspended solids 1-35 mg/L, sodium 100-250 mg/L, chlorides 60-220 mg/L, nitrites 0.5-2 mg/L, sulphate 60-312 mg/L and potassium 1.9-21.3 mg/L. The results showed that the water parameters of the areas distant from river Panjkora falls within the WHO suggested permissible limits. The water quality of the riverine areas was somewhat disturbed for some parameters. It is suggested to monitor the water regularly to avoid further deterioration. The agricultural run offs and domestic wastes should be treated properly before disposing off. The waste products should be dumped to proper disposal sites instead of river banks.