Assessment of heavy metal study on groundwater in the mining area in Stan Terg, Kosovo

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/02/2013
Views (868)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Assessment of heavy metal study on groundwater in the mining area in Stan Terg, Kosovo

Ahmet Tmava, Sabri Avdullahi, Islam Fejza
J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 3(2), 53-60, February 2013.
Copyright Statement: Copyright 2013; The Author(s).
License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Abstract

Groundwater pollution has been an issue of concern for environmentalists, since the pollution could be hardly reformed. The heavy metal analyses of Cu, Pb, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr and Fe were performed for the water samples. This study presents the application of some selected multivariate statistical techniques and confirmatory analysis to identify the sources of heavy metals in the groundwater in the Stan Terg, Kosovo. Correlation analysis showed that the mean concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr and Fe) in the water springs samples were positive correlated values. Principal cluster analysis and factor analysis investigated the origin of the water quality parameters as due to various mining activities: three principal components were obtained with 92.697% total variance. The results of heavy metals analysis indicated that groundwater is pollution in the Stan Terg. Overall, the results showed that the groundwaters of the Stan Terg in North Kosovo are contaminated with heavy metals, which might affect human health as well as the health of the ecosystem.

Amman AA, Michalke B, Schramel P. 2002. Speciation of heavy metals in environmental water by ion chromatography coupled to ICP-MS. Analytical Biochemistry 372(3), 448-452.

Armah FA, Obiri S, Yawson DO, Pappoe ANM, Akoto B. 2010a. Mining and heavy metal pollution: Assessment of aquatic environments of Tarkwa, Ghana using multivariate statistical analysis. Journal of Environmental Statistics 1(4), 1-13

Armah FA, Obiri S, Yawson DO, Onumah EE, Yengoh GT, Afrifa EK, Odoi JO. 2010b. Anthropogenic sources and environmentally relevant concentrations of heavy metals in surface water of a mining district in Ghana: A multivariate statistical approach. Journal of Environmental Sciences Health. A Toxic/Hazardous Substance Environmental Engineering 45, 1804-1813

Bartolomeo AD, Poletti L, Sanchini G. 2004. Relationship among parameters of lake polluted sediments evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis. Chemosphere 15, 1323–1329.

Bockris   JOM.   1978.   Environmental   chemistry. New York, Premium Press 332.

Danielsson A, Cato I, Carman R. 1999. Spatial clustering of metals in the sediments of the Skagerrak/Kattegat. Applied Geochemistry 14, 689– 706.

Das RK, Bhowmick S, Ghosh SP, Dutta S. 1997. Coliform and fecal coliform bacterial load in a stretch of Hooghly, in K. K Vass and M. Sinha, (Eds.), Proceedings of the National seminar on changing perspectives of inland fisheries, Inland Fisheries Society of India, Barrackpore.

Einax JW, Zwanziger HW, Geiss S. 1997. “Chemomet-rics in Environmental Analysis,” Wiley, Weinheim.

Einax JW, Truckenbrodt D, Kampe O. 1998. “River Pollution Data Interpreted by Means of Chemometric Methods,” Microchemistry Journal 58(3), 315-324.

Fernandez  H,  Conti  LF,  Patchineelam  SR. 1994. An assessment of the pollution of heavy metals in Jacarepagua Basin, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil: A statistical approach. Environment & Technology 269, 87–94

Ghosh S, Vass KK. 1997. Role of sewage treatment plant in Environmental mitigation. K. K. Vass and M. Sinha (Eds.), Proceedings of the national seminar on changing perspectives of inland fisheries, Inland Fisheries Society of India, Barrackpore 36-40.

González-Macias C, Schifter I, Lluch-Cota DB, Mendez-Rodriguez L, Hernandez-Vazquez S. 2006. Distribution, enrichment and accumulation of heavy metals in coastal sediments of Salina Cruz Bay, Mexico, Environmental and Monitoring Assessment 118, 211–230.

Ipinmoroti KO. 1993. Water quality of shallow wells located close to dumpsite in Akure, Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 36, 137–141.

Kowalkowski T, Zbytniewski R, Szpejna J, Buszewski B. 2005. “Application of Chemometrics in River Water Classification”. Water Research 40(4), 744-752

Lantzy RJ, Mackenzie FT. 1979. Atmospheric trace metals: global cycles and assessment of man’s impact, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43, 511-525.

Lee C, Chon H, Jung M. 2001. Heavy metal contamination in the vicinity of the Daduk Au–Ag– Pb– Zn mine in Korea. Applied Geochemistry 16, 1377–1386.

Li S, Xu Z, Cheng X, Zhang Q. 2008. Dissolved trace elements and heavy metals in the Danjiangkou Reservoir, China. Environmental Geology 55, 977– 983.

Marcovecchio JE, Botte SE, Freije RH. 2007. Heavy metals, major metals, trace elements. In handbook of water analysis. 2nd edition. Edited by Nollet LM. London: CRC Press; 275-311.

Marengo E, Gennaro MC, Giacosa D, Abrigo C, Saini G, Avignone MT. 1995. “How Chemometrics  Can  Helpfully  Assist  in  Evaluating Environment Data Lagoon Water,” Analytica Chimica Acta Anal 317(1-3), 53-63

Moon CH, Lee YS, Yoon TH. 1994. Variation of trace Cu, Pb and Zn in sediment and water of an urban stream resulting from domestic effluents. Water Research 28, 985–991.

Nriagu JO, Pacyna JM. 1988. Quantitative assessment of world-wide contamination of air, water and soils by trace metals. Nature 333, 134– 139

Nriagu JO. 1979. Global inventory of natural and anthropogenic emissions of trace metals to the atmosphere. Nature 279, 409-411

Oguzie EE, Agochukwu IB, Onuchukwu AI, Offem JO. 2002. Ground water contamination: A simulation study of buried waste metallic contaminant penetration through the aquifers. Journal of the Chemical Society of Nigeria 27, 82– 84.

Razmkhah  H,  Abirishamchi  A,  Torkian  A. 2009. “Evalua-tion of Spatial and Temporal Variation in Water Quality by Pattern Recognition Techniques: A Case Study on Ja-jrood River (Tehran, Iran)”. Journal on Environmental Management 91(4), 852-860.

Razo I, Carrizales L, Castro J, Díaz-Barriga F, Monroy M. 2004. Arsenic and heavy metal pollution of soil, water and sediments in a semi-arid climate mining area in Mexico. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 152, 129–152.

Ross SM. 1994. Toxic metals in soil-plant systems, Wiley, Chichester, U. K

Shrestha S, Kazama F. 2007. Assessment of surface water quality using multivariate statistical techniques: A case study of the Fuji river basin, Japan. Environmental Modelling & Software 22, 464-475.

Speir TW, Van Schaik AP, Percival HJ, Close ME, Pang L. 2003. Heavy metals in soil, plants and ground water following high-rate sewage sludge application to land. Water Air and Soil Pollution 150, 319–358

Vidal M, Melgar J, Lopez A, Santoalla MC. 2000. Spatial and temporal hydrochemical changes in ground water under the contaminating effects of fertilizers and wastewater. Journal of Environmental Management 60, 215–225

Vodela JK, Renden JA, Lenz SD, Mcelhenney WH. Kemppainen BW. 1997. Drinking water contaminants. Poultry Science 76, 1474-1492

Watt GCM, Britton A, Gilmour HG, Moore MR, Murray GD, Robertson SJ. 2000. Public health implications of new guidelines for lead in drinking water: A case study in an area with historically high water lead levels. Food and Chemical Toxicology 38, S73–S79.

Related Articles

In vitro assessment of Bambara groundnut M3 mutant genotypes for resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. in the seedling stage in Burkina Faso

Brahime Tingueri*, Souleymane Ouattara, Adjima Ouoba, Romain W. Soalla, Mahamadi Hamed Ouedraogo, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 141-149, June 2026.

Impact of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on biochemical and antioxidant enzymes in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) infesting oil palm

M. Malarvizhi, N. Santhana Bharathi, K. Sujatha*, A. Vijaya Anand, R. Manikandan, J. P. Antony Prabhu, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 129-140, June 2026.

Typhoon risk perception and preparedness after Sendong in Bayug Island

Dinah Millendez*, Lex Rei Brendon Hilario, Jay Rey Alovera, Elizabeth Edan Albiento, Melgie Alas, Peter Suson, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 120-128, June 2026.

Floristic composition and woody species diversity in Campo-Ma’an National Park, South Cameroon

Achey Nkenfack Djike Baudelair*, Temgoua Lucie Félicité, Kuete Fogang Marcien, Nfondem Poumie Mohamed Mounir, Atoupka Abdel Malik, Djeuni Duplex Romuald, Kontchiachou Nkana Didier, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 103-119, June 2026.

Comparative effects of bio-inoculant on nutrient dynamics of biodegradable waste

Anjelle-J G. Debosura*, Carlo Stephen O. Moneva, Corazon V. Ligaray, Elizabeth Edan M. Albiento, MA. Cecilia V. Almeda, Melgie A. Alas, Frandel Louis S. Dagoc, Peter D. Suson, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 97-102, June 2026.

Impact of deforestation on the aquatic macroinvertebrate community and the ecological quality of Mé River (South-East, Côte d’Ivoire)

Gnago Dohou Affri*, Tapé Logboh David, Edia Oi Edia, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 80-96, June 2026.

Vulnerability and regeneration potential of Bambusa vulgaris in Ebolowa, South Cameroon

Rodine Tchiofo Lontsi*, Duchesse Elvira Kepmou, Emilienne Laure Ngahane, Jacques Christophe Awoa Essam, Isaac Blaise Djoko, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 68-79, June 2026.

Temporal availability of floral resources for the honey bee (Apis mellifera) in a forest ecosystem in the sudanian zone of Côte d’Ivoire: The case of Badenou classified forest

Dofoungo Koné*, Comlan Mawussi Koudegnan, Siendou Coulibaly, Fofana Séguéna, Bruno Marcel Iritié, Wandan Eboua Narcisse, J. Biodiv. & Environ. Sci. 28(6), 56-67, June 2026.