Assessment of spatial variations in surface water quality of Laguna Lake stations using cluster analysis approach
Paper Details
Assessment of spatial variations in surface water quality of Laguna Lake stations using cluster analysis approach
Abstract
The Philippine archipelago consists of various natural water resources, an asset that helps bring speed to nation-building activities considering the country is a developing nation. Laguna lake is a prime example where economic activity and human settlement impact the natural resources, which leads to consequential problems relating to water pollution and fish kill. Applying the multivariate cluster analysis that take into account salient critical factors in the assessment of the spatial variation of water quality in Laguna Lake can give a better understanding of the problem. Cluster analysis identified two state clusters (high polluted station, and less polluted station) that are present in the lake, having unique water qualities associated with geographically located Laguna Lake water stations. Cluster analysis results revealed the presence of sewage systems in high polluted stations, specifically the Manggahan floodway. High polluted station is characterized by high concentration of inorganic phosphate and ammonia due to sewage effluents runoff. These monitoring stations in Cluster 1 are located further inland. In contrast, a less polluted station is known to be in areas near from commercial factories and households. Less polluted station is determined by lesser concentrations of inorganic phosphate and ammonia which leads to sufficient concentration of Dissolve Oxygen that is suitable for aquatic organisms.
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Joey S. Estorosos, John Michael B. Genterolizo, Wilfred V. Rios, Kristilynn C. Saavedra, Mark Ian C. Andres, Ricky B. Villeta, Jonecis A. Dayap (2023), Assessment of spatial variations in surface water quality of Laguna Lake stations using cluster analysis approach; JBES, V22, N5, May, P1-8
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