Avifauna distribution in the shoal-forests of Baba Budan Hills, Chikkamagalur, Karnataka, India
Paper Details
Avifauna distribution in the shoal-forests of Baba Budan Hills, Chikkamagalur, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The sholas are the unique kind of vegetation found in the Western Ghats which are found alongside the rolling grasslands. The distribution of the birds with respect to the forest layers will provide an reference for future studies to other researchers and bird watchers. The dominant family in the shoals will also provide the bird watchers of the diversity of the Shola-grassland complex biome. The diet of the birds will also show that shola forest is rich in insect life and there are fewer birds which can be found in the ground level or on the forest floor. There are lot of conservation steps required to protect the fragile ecosystem of Sholas.
Ali S. 2002. The Book of Indian Birds. 13th Edition. BNHS. Oxford University Press.
Butler, Rhett A. 2006. “Diversities of Image – Rainforest Biodiversity.” from Mongabay.com / A Place Out of Time: Tropical Rainforests and the Perils They Face.
Champion HG, Seth SK. 1968. The Forest Types of India–a revised survey. Manager of Publications, Delhi.
Colin J. Bibby, Neil D. Burgess, David A. Hill. 1992. Bird Census Techniques. Academic Press.
Frank BG. 2007. Ornithology. The Third Edition. W.H.Freeman & Company.
Gadgil M, Vartak V.D. 1975. Sacred groves of India–A plea for continued conservation. J. Bombay Natural History Society 72, 314-320.
Gitay H, Roxburgh SH, Wilson JB. 1991. Species-area relationship in New Zealand tussock grassland, with implications for nature reserve design and community structure. J. Veg. Sci. 2, 113-118.
Hossetti BB. 2005. Concepts in Wildlife Management 2nd Revised Edition. Daya Publications.
Karunakaran PV, Rawat GS, Uniyal VK. 1998. Ecology and Conservation of the Grasslands of Eravikulam National Park, Western Ghats. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehra Dun, India.
Kohn DD, Walsh DM. 1994. Plant species richness-the effect of island size and habitat diversity. J. Ecol. 82, 367-377.
Kunhikrishnan E. 1995. Sholas and grasslands of the high altitudes in the Western Ghats are highly threatened. Department of Zoology, University College, Thiruvananthapuram.
Legris P, Blasco F. 1969. ‘Variabilité des fracteurs du climat: Cas des montagnes du Sud de l’Inde et de Ceylan. Inst. Fr. Pondicherry. Tr. Sect. Sci. Tech 8, 1-195.
Levin SA. 1992. The problem of scale and pattern in ecology. Ecology 73, 1943-1967.
Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403, 853-858.
Nair KKN, Khanduri SK, Balasubramanyan K. 2001. Shola forests of Kerala –environment and biodiversity. Kerala Forest Department.
Niering WA. 1987. Vegetation dynamics (succession and climax) in relation to plant community management. Conserv. Biol. 1, 287-295.
Palmer MW, White PS. 1994. On the existence of communities. J.Veg. Sci. 5, 279-282.
Pimm SL, Russell G J, Gittleman JL, Brooks TM. 1995. The future of biodiversity. Science 269, 347-350.
Pramod AF, Vinayaka KS, Vijaya K. 2011. Floristic Study on Honnammanahalla Shola Forest of Dattapita region, Muthodi Range, Chikmagalur. Forest Department.
Pramod P, Daniels RJR, Joshi NV, Gadgil M. 1997. Evaluating bird communities of Western Ghats to plan for a biodiversity friendly development. Current Sci. 73, 156-162.
Puyravaud JP, Dufour C, Aravajy S. 2003. Rain forest expansion mediated by successional processes in vegetation thickets in the Western Ghats of India. J. Biogeogr. 30, 1067-1080.
Ranganathan CK. 1938. Studies in the ecology of shoal grassland vegetation of the Nilgiri plate. Indian Forester 64, 523-541.
Richard G, Carol I, Tim I. 1999. Pocket Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. Oxford University Press.
Rodgers WA, Panwar HS, Mathur VB. 2002. Wildlife Protected Area Network in India: A Review, Executive Summary. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun.
Roger D. 2000. Insects and forests – the role and diversity of insects in the forest environment. Lavoisier.
Saunders DA, Wooler RD. 1980. Consistent individuality of voice in birds as a management tool. Emu 88, 25-32.
Stohlgren TJ, Schell LD, Vanden HB. 1999. How grazing and soil quality affect native and exotic plant diversity in Rocky Mountain grasslands. Ecol. Appl. 9, 45-64.
Stralhler, Arthur NS, Alan H. 1997. Elements of Physical Geography, John Wiley & Sons.
Thomas SM, Palmer MW. 2007. The montane grasslands of the Western Ghats, India : Community ecology and conservation. Community Ecology.
Urfi AJ, Sen M, Kalam A, Meganathan T. 2005. Counting birds in India: Methodologies and trends. Current Sci. 89, 1997-2003.
White PS. 1979. Pattern, process, and natural disturbance in vegetation. Bot. Rev. 45, 229-299.
Kadabagere R Shrinivas, Vijaya Kumara (2011), Avifauna distribution in the shoal-forests of Baba Budan Hills, Chikkamagalur, Karnataka, India; JBES, V1, N6, December, P118-127
https://innspub.net/avifauna-distribution-in-the-shoal-forests-of-baba-budan-hills-chikkamagalur-karnataka-india/
Copyright © 2011
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0