Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of burn wound infections in a tertiary care hospital
Paper Details
Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of burn wound infections in a tertiary care hospital
Abstract
Burns remain a significant public health problem in terms of morbidity, long-term disability and mortality. In India, over 10,00,000 people are moderately or severely burnt every year. Open and large wounds, make burn patients more susceptible to infection. In particular, immunosuppression caused by impaired neutrophil function, cellular and humoral immune system can facilitate multiplication and colonization of burn wounds by different microorganisms. The objective for the study to identify the aerobic bacterial agents responsible for burn wound infection and to study the antibiogram of bacterial isolates. The study was performed in the Department of Microbiology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, for a period of one year. Wound swabs were collected from the burn wounds, were processed according to standard laboratory procedures to isolate aerobic bacterial pathogens. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance mechanisms by Kirby -Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. 90 burn patients were included in present study. A total of 114 aerobic bacterial isolates were isolated. Staphylococcus aureus (28.9%) was most common isolate followed by Pseudomonas species (26.3%), Klebsiella species (20.2%), Enterococcus species (7.1%), Enterobacter species, Acinetobacter species and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (3.5%) each, Escherichia coli and Citrobacter species (2.6%) and Proteus species (1.8%). Antibiogram showed that, Imipenem (86.9%) was most effective drug against Gram negative organisms and vancomycin and linezolid (100%) were effective drugs against Gram positive organisms. It is crucial for every burn unit to determine the specific pattern of burn wound colonization and the antimicrobial resistance pattern. This will enable early treatment with proper empirical systemic antibiotics, thus improving overall infection related morbidity and mortality.
Abrol A, Saraf R, Singh S. 2005. Thermal and Electrical burns in Jammu Province. JK Science Apr 7(2), 87-9.
Abrol A, Saraf R, Singh S. 2005. Thermal and Electrical burns in Jammu Province. JK Science 7(2), 87-9.
Altoparlak U, Erol S, Akcay MN, Celebi F, Kadanali A. 2004. The time related changes of antimicrobial resistance patterns and predominant bacterial profiles of burn wounds and body flora of burned patients.Burns 30, 660-4.
Avni T, Levcovich A, Ad-El DD, Leibovici L, Paul M. 2010. Prophylactic antibiotics for burns patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj. Jan 1, 340 c241. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Bairy I, Shivananda PG. 1997. Aerobic bacterial flora of burn wound infection. Ind J Surg 59, 215-8.
Chaya Kumar A. 2010. Time-relate changes of Microbial Flora in Burns Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital.Bombay Hospital Journal 52(2), 205-9.
Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R. 2006. Burn wound infections. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. Apr 1;19(2), 403-434. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R. 2006. Burn wound infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 19(2), 403-34.
Collee JG, Fraser AG, Marmion BP, Simmons A. 1996. Mackie and McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology. 14th ed. New York: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone 65. CLSI. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement.
Davies JW. 1990. The problems of burns in India. Burns Suppl 1, S1-24.
Hemeda M, Maher A, Mabrouk A. 2003. Epidemiology of burns admitted to Ain Shams University Burns Unit, Cairo, Egypt. Burns 29, 353-8.
Ilyas Yolbaş. 2013. Common pathogens isolated from burn wounds and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Dicle med j 40(3), 364-8.
Kramer A, Schwebke I, Kampf G. 2006. How long do nosocomial pathogens persist on inanimate surfaces? A systematic review. BMC Infect. Dis. Dec 6(1), 130.
Meera Sharma, Neelam Taneja. 2007. Burns, antimicrobial resistance & infection control. Indian J Med Res Dec 126, 505-7.
Rowan MP, Cancio LC, Elster EA, Burmeister DM, Rose LF, Natesan S, Chan RK, Christy RJ, Chung KK. 2015. Burn wound healing and treatment: review and advancements. Crit. Care. Dec 19(1), 243.
Singh SK, Mishra M, Sahoo M, Patole S, Sahu S, Misra SR, Mohapatra H. 2017. Antibiotic resistance determinants and clonal relationships among multidrug-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microb. Pathog. Sep 1(110), 31-36. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
SkSaha. 2011. Study on time-related changes in aerobic bacterial pattern of burn wound infection. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 6(1), 41-5.
Subrahmanyam M. 1996. Epidemiology of burns in a district hospital in Western India. Burns 22(6), 439-42.
Dr. Vishwajith, Dr. K. Anuradha, 2021. Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of burn wound infections in a tertiary care hospital. Int. J. Microbiol. Mycol., 12(3), 1-6.
Copyright © 2021 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.