Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Water Lilies (Nymphaea sp.) and Water Analysis in Lake Leonard and Lake PBCC, Mindanao Island, Philippines
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Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Water Lilies (Nymphaea sp.) and Water Analysis in Lake Leonard and Lake PBCC, Mindanao Island, Philippines
Abstract
Heavy metal refers to any metallic element that has a relatively high density, is hazardous or poisonous even at low concentrations, and is recognized as one of the environmental pollutants. The water lily is an herbaceous plant that grows in quiet, contained, stagnant water. Heavy metals are best accumulated by these hydrophytes. Absorption of heavy metals has detrimental effects on the morphology and architecture of plants, which have a direct impact on plant physiology. Moreover, heavy metals in the water sample from Lake Leonard and Lake PBCC shows that lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr) and Cadmium (Cd) has higher values than the permissible limits of the elements in the water. The roots and leaves of Nymphaea sp. from the two sites were below the detection limit of lead. On the other hand, it was detected that the stem of the plants in Lake Leonard was contaminated with nickel while below detected limit in Lake PBCC. Furthermore, the roots, stems and leaves of Nymphaea sp. from the study areas were contaminated with nickel and chromium since its concentration is beyond the permissible value. Samples of Nymphaea sp. and water samples from Lake Leonard were below the detection limit of cadmium, but greater than the permissible limit from Lake PBCC. On the other hand, the Cadmium concentration in the roots and leaves of Nymphaea sp. was higher than the limit.
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