Cave macro-invertebrates of Wao, Lanao Del Sur, Philippines

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/12/2014
Views (556) Download (26)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Cave macro-invertebrates of Wao, Lanao Del Sur, Philippines

Jade Marie M. Sobrepeña, Olga M. Nuñeza
J. Bio. Env. Sci.5( 6), 107-121, December 2014.
Certificate: JBES 2014 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Among the cavernicolous species, invertebrates make up the majority of the entire cave fauna. With their extremely restricted distribution, macro-invertebrates are important in determining the health of a cave. This study was conducted to assess the diversity and abundance of macro-invertebrates in two unexplored caves in Wao, Lanao del Sur. Sampling was done through a combination of methods: hand grabbing technique, pitfall traps, visual search, and direct counting method. Ten species belonging to seven orders were recorded in Wao caves. More species were found in Cave 1. Macropathus sp. was the most abundant species comprising half of the species recorded. The huntsman spider, Heteropoda sp.1, was found in the two sampling sites. Moderate diversity was recorded in Cave 1 while Cave 2 had low diversity. Majority of the macro-invertebrate species were found on the cave wall and floor. Guano deposition, temperature, and relative humidity are environmental factors which appear to be significant to the distribution of the macro-invertebrate species in the caves. Disturbances present in the caves also seem to have negatively affected the distribution of species and individuals.

VIEWS 89

Andersen A, Majer JD. 2004. Ants show the way down under: invertebrates as bio- indicator in land management. Front. Ecol. 2(6), 291-298.

Bell WJ, Roth LM, Napela CA. 2007. Cockroaches: Ecology, Behavior, and Natural History. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp.1-230. ISBN-13: 978-0-8018-8616-4.

Batucan Jr LS, Nuñeza OM. 2013. Ant species richness in caves of Siargao Island protected landscape and seascape, Philippines. ELBA Bioflux 5(2), 83-92.

Biswas J. 2009. The Biodiversity of Krem Mawkhyrdop of Mehaglaya, India on the verge of extinction. Current Science 96(7), 904-910.

Biswas WJ. 2010. Kotumsar Cave biodiversity: a review of cavernicoles and their troglobiotic traits, Biodiversity and Conservation 19(1), 275-289.

Cabili MHD, Nuñeza OM. 2014. Species Diversity of Cave-Dwelling Spiders on Siargao Island, Philippines. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences 4(2), 392-399.

Cabauatan JG, Ramos MT, Taggueg JB, Callueng AM, Tumaliuan SS. 2014. Assessment of faunal diversity on selected caves of the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP), Northern Cagayan Valley, Philippines. Journal of Agricultural Technology 2014 Vol. 10(3), 631-649.

Campbell JW, Woods M, Ball HL, Pirkle RS, Carey V, Ray CH. 2011. Terrestrial macroinvertebrates captured with a baited ramp-pitfall trap from five limestone caves in North Alabama and Georgia (USA) and their association with soil organic matter. Journal of Natural History 45(43-44), 2645-2659.

Chapman PRJ. 1983. Species Diversity in a Tropical Cave Ecosystem. Proc. Univ. Bristol Spelaeol. Soc. 16(3), 201-213.

Christman MC, Culver DC. 2001. The Relationship between Cave Biodiversity and Available Habitat. Journal of Biogeography 28, 367-380.

Clements R, Sodhi NS, Schilthuizen M, Ng PKL. 2006. Limestone Karsts of Southeast Asia; Imperiled Arks of Biodiversity. BioScience 56(9), 733-742.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources-Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (DENR-PAWB). 2008. A Handbook on Cave Classification for the Philippines, pp 1-51. Retrieved on November 23, 2013 from www.chm.ph/index.php?option=com.

Dittmar K, Porter ML, Price L, Svenson G, Whiting MF. 2005. A brief survey of invertebrates in caves of Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal 57, 221–233.

Doyle L, Baldwin J. 1975. Ozark Caves III: The Ecological Story. Bittersweet 2(3), 47-52. Retrieved September 15, 2014 from http://thelibrary.org/ lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/sp75j.htm.

Eberhard S, Hamilton-Smith E. 1996. Conservation of cave fauna in Australia. Journal of the Australasian Cave and Karst Management Association Inc. 23, 4-14.

Elliott WR.  2011. Protecting  Caves and Cave  Life, pp. 1-16. In preprint for Elsevier Science’s Encyclopedia of Caves, 2nd Ed. Retrieved from http://mocavelife.com/pdf/pdf.htm.

Enriquez CMD, Nuñeza OM. 2014 Cave spiders in Mindanao, Philippines. ELBA Bioflux 6(1), 46-55.

Ferreira RL, Prous, X, Martins RP. 2007. Structure of Bat Guano Communities in a Dry Brazilian Cave. Tropical Zoology 20(1), 55-74.

Figueras GS, Nuñeza OM. 2013. Species diversity of ants in karst limestone habitats in Bukidnon and Davao Oriental, Mindanao, Philippines. AES Bioflux 5(3), 306-315.

Hamilton-Smith E. 2009. Organic Resources in Caves. Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science. Taylor and Francis. ISBN: 0-203-48385.

Harries DB, Ware FJ, Fischer CW, Biswas J, Kharpran-Daly BD. 2008. A review of the biospeleology of Meghalaya, India. Journal of Cave Karst Studies 70(3), 163–176.

Holsinger JR, Peck SB. 1971. The Invertebrate Fauna of Georgia. Bulletin of the National Speleological Society 3(1), 23-44.

Hunt M, Millar I. 2001. Cave Invertebrate Collection Guide. Department of Conservation Technical Series 26. Wellington, New Zealand, Department of Conservation, pp 1-28.

Iskali G. 2010. Invertebrate diversity in Bracken Bat Cave: Effects of bat guano subsidy. The 95th ESA Annual Meeting (August 1-6, 2010), pp. 81-124. Retrieved on August 30, 2014 from https://eco.confex.com/eco/2010/techprogram/P257 27.HTM.

Iskali G. 2011. Macroinvertebrate Diversity and Food Web Dynamics in a Guano Subsidized Cave Ecosystem: Bracken Bat Cave. Thesis (M.S). Texas State University, San Marcos, pp. 1-40.

Jackman JA, Drees BM. 1998. A Field Guide to Common Texas Insects. Taylor Trade Publishing, Texas, pp. 1-352.

Jaeger P. 2001. A new species of Heteropoda (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae) from Laos, the largest huntsman spider?. Zoosystema 23(3), 461-465.

Jones C. 2009. A Guide to Responsible Caving. 4th Edition. National Speleological Society, Cave Avenue Huntsville, pp. 1-24.

Juberthie C, Decu V. 2001. Encyclopedia Biospeologica, vol. 3. Société internationale de Biospéologie, Moulis-Bucarest, Moulis, France.

Lagare NJS, Nuñeza OM. 2013. The Cavernicolous Crickets in Selected Caves in Davao Oriental and Northern Mindanao, Philippines. ELBA Bioflux 5(2), 130-140.

LaSalle J, Gauld ID. 1993. Hymenoptera; their diversity and their impact on the diversity of other organisms. In: LaSalle J, Gauld I, eds. Hymenoptera and Biodiversity. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 1–26.

Lavoie KH, Helf KL, Poulson TL. 2007. The biology and ecology of North American cave cricket. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 69 (1), 114-134.

Machado G, Pinto-da-Rocha R, Giribet G. 2007. What are harvestmen? In: Pinto-da-Rocha R, Machado G, Giribet G, eds. Harvestmen: The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 1-13.

Macud AM, Nuñeza OM. 2014. Diversity of cave macro-invertebrates in mighty cave, tagoloan, lanao del norte, Philippines. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 5(3), 376-386.

Mag-Usara VRP, Nuñeza OM. 2014 Diversity and relative abundance of cockroaches in cave habitats of Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines. ELBA Bioflux 6(2), 72-79.

Marshall AJ, Beehler BM. 2007. The Ecology of Papua: Part Two. Tuttle Publishing, Hongkong, p. 1072.

Martin KW, Leslie DM, Payton ME, Puckette WL, Hensley SL. 2003. Internal Cave gating for protection of colonies of the endangered gray bat (Myotis grisescens). Acta Chiropterologica 5(1), 1-8.

McFarlane DA. 2004. Guano. In: Gunn J, ed. Encyclopedia of Caves and Karst Science. Fitzroy Deaborn An imprint of Taylor and Francis Group, New York, pp. 848-850.

Newton B. 2006. Kentucky Harvestmen: Including Daddy-Long-Legs. University of Kentucky Department of Entomology. Retrieved September 18, 2014 from http://www.uky.edu/Ag /CritterFiles/casefile/relatives/daddy/daddy.htm.

Novises I, Nuñeza OM. 2014. Species richness and abundance of cave-dwelling crickets on Siargao Island, Surigao Del Norte, Philippines. ELBA Bioflux 6(1), 10-21.

pam.wikipedia.org, 2014. Wao, Lanao del Sur. Retrieved September 20, 2014 from http: //pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wao,_Lanao_del_Sur

Pan Y, Hou Z, Li S. 2010. Description of a new Macrobrachium species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from a cave in Guangxi, with a synopsis of the Stygobiotic Decapoda in China. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, 72(2), 86-91.

Pape RB. 2014. Biology And Ecology Of Bat Cave, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. Biology and ecology of Bat Cave, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 76(1), 1-13.

Peck SB, Lewis JJ. 1978. Zoogeography and Evolution of the Subterranean Invertebrates faunas of Illinois and Southeastern Missouri. NSS Bulletin, 40(2), 39-63.

Richards AO. 1954. The Systematics and Ecology of the Genus Macropathus. Walker, 1890 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 82(3), 739-762.

Samu F, Sunderland FK, Szinetr C. 1999. Scale-dependent Dispersal and Distribution Patterns of Spiders in Agricultural Systems: a review. Journal of Arachnology 27, 325–332.

Smithers P. 2005. The Diet of the Cave Spiders Meta menardi (Latreille 1804) (Araneae, Tertragnathidae). Journal of Arachnology 33(2), 243-246.

Storer TI, Usinger RL, Lukas D. 2004. Micellaneous Animals. In: Sierra Nevada Natural History. University of California Press, pp. 169-184.

Turner C, Tamblyn A, Dray R, Maunder L Raines P. 2003. The biodiversity of the Upper Imbang-Caliban Watershed, North Negros Forest Reserve, Negros Occidental, Philippines.: Technical Publication Of The Negros Rainforest Conservation Project: A Collaborative Initiative Between The Negros Forests And Ecological Foundation, Inc and Coral Cay Conservation, pp. 4-79. Coral Cay Conservation Ltd., London.

Tuttle MD, Moreno A. 2005. Cave-dwelling Bats of Northern Mexico, their value and conservation needs. Bat Conservation International, Inc. Bat Conservation International, Austin, Texas, pp. 1-48.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2008. Bexar Country Karst Invertebrates Draft Recovery Plan. Southwest Region U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Albuquerque, New Mexico, pp. ii-E3. Retrieved from www.fws.gov/…/DRAFT%20Bexar%20Co%20Karst% 20Rec%20Plan%2…

Welbourn WC. 1999. Invertebrate Cave Fauna of Kartchner Caverns, Kartchner Caverns, Arizona. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 61(2), 93-101.

www.statemaster.com.    2005.  Lanao  del   Sur. Retrieved September 20, 2014 from http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Lanao-del-Sur.