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Chromium-tolerant bacteria in diversified soil microbial community in the bank of tannery waste water discharging canal of East Calcutta, West Bengal

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Research Paper 01/03/2014
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Chromium-tolerant bacteria in diversified soil microbial community in the bank of tannery waste water discharging canal of East Calcutta, West Bengal

Piku Sen, Anandita Pal, Budhhadeb Chattopadhyay, D. Pal
J. Bio. Env. Sci.4( 3), 233-238, March 2014.
Certificate: JBES 2014 [Generate Certificate]
Key: BioremediationChromate-reducing microbial strainChromium (6+)Cr resistant bacteriaMicrobial community

Abstract

Studies have revealed that East Calcutta Wetlands harbor a variety of microbial population possessing diverse genetic characters with versatile enzymatic and metabolic activities. They carry out bioremediation of different toxins, pollutants, heavy metals etc. Due to the discharge of improperly treated effluents from tanneries and other industries in and around Calcutta City, carcinogenic chromium (Cr6+) contamination of both surface water and ground water has been reported in the East Calcutta Wetland area. A few examples in microbial diversity in this area include Rhodococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonus sp., Azotobacter sp., Aeromonas sp. etc. The primary objective of this study was to isolate and identify a potent chromate-reducing bacterial strain. Cr6+ analysis was done and the bacterial population was enumerated by analyzing soil samples from different locations. The majority of the chromate-resistant bacteria isolates from the tannery effluents enriched soil showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cr6+ ranging from 50 to 750 mg l-1. About 39.47% of the total 38 isolates of bacterial strains were able to grow at 200 mg l– 1 Cr6+. The potent Cr6+-resistant isolates showed a very high tolerance level to 750 mg l-1 and were able to show 100% Cr6+ reduction up to 200 mg l-1 within 48 h. The present study conclusively demonstrates the ability of native microbial population present in tannery effluent to reduce Cr6+ compounds. Furthermore, all the isolates have shown great potential for bioremediation of Cr6+-containing wastes. It is also reported that plant roots release some inorganic and organic compounds which aid the microbial community in the bioremediation of heavy metal pollutants in the soil. This approach permits the selection of bacterial strains which could be used for specific environmental cleanup operations.

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