Climate change cost upon ecosystem services in the Sundarban mangrove forest in Bangladesh
Paper Details
Climate change cost upon ecosystem services in the Sundarban mangrove forest in Bangladesh
Abstract
The Sundarban forest, known as the mangrove protection region by the UNESCO for numerous world endangered species, is located in the southwest of Bangladesh that lies between the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers. It is the habitat of Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) which is a world largest endangered mammal species and can only be adapted for surviving in the mangrove forests. Also, other endangered species including Heritiera fomes, Excoecaria agallocha, and Ceriops decandra are largely distributed in the mangrove forest but the rise of mean sea level in 2100 will resulted in 77% decrease of their distributions, so the conservation of the region is so imminent. Thus, ecological service value of Sundarban mangrove with US $ 402 million in 2001 will be reduced by 45% in 2100. In this study, such potential impacts of ecological service on climate change were analyzed on the Sundarban mangrove forest in Bangladesh. The impacts of climate change on the Sundarban mangrove were projected considering various primary resources that are being exploited in the ecosystem and ecological physiography of the mangrove. Secondary information on forest dependent livelihoods degrading condition, reducing ecosystem services and degrading physiographic characteristics of Sundarban mangrove forest were collected and projected the apparent impacts. Further studies should be quantified about long-term impacts of climate change on all the ecosystem services and explore on the potential loss of biodiversity and opportunities in the future for better conservation.
Bangladesh Meteorological Department. 2016. http://bmd.gov.bd/?/home/.
Biswas SR, Choudhury JK, Nishat A, Rahman AM. 2007. Do invasive plants threaten the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh? Forest Ecology and Management 245, 1-9.
CEGIS. 2006. Coastal Land Use Zoning in the South-west: Impact of Sea Level Rise on Landuse Suitability and Adaptation Options. Center for Environmental and Geographic Informa-tion Services (CEGIS) Dhaka.
GoB (Government of Bangladesh). 2006. Bangladesh climate change Impact and Vulnerability Climate Change. Cell Department of Environment.
Haque MZ, Reza MIH, Abd Rahim, Abdullah MP, Elfithri R, Mokhtar MB. 2015. Behavioral Change Due To Climate Change Effects Accelerate Tiger Human Conflicts: a Study on Sundarbans Mangrove Forests, Bangladesh. International Journal of Conservation Science volume 6, 669-684.
Idowu AASO, Ayoola AI Opele, Ikenweiwe NB. 2011. Impact of Climate Change in Nigeria. Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment 2, 145-152.
Intergovernmental Painel on Climate Change-IPCC. 2014. Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report. http://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.
IPAC. 2010. A Study of the Principal Marketed Value Chains Derived from the Sundarbans Re served Forest, Integrated Protected Area Co- management (IPAC) Project, International Resources Group (IRG), Washington DC.
IRMP. 1998. Integrated Resource Development of the Sundarbans Reserve Forest, Bangladesh. FAO/UNDP Project BGD/84/0561.
Islam S. 2003. Sustainable Eco-tourism as a practical site management policy. AHDPH, Dhaka Bangladesh.
Mahadevia K, Vikas M. 2012. Climate Change–Impact on the Sundarbans: International Scientific Journal 7-15.
Sarker SK, Reeve R, Thompson J, Paul NK, Matthiopoulos J. 2016. Are we failing to protect threatened mangroves in the Sundarbans world heritage ecosystem? Scientific Reports, 6 (October 2015), 21234. http://doi.org/10.1038/srep21234.
Uddin S, Aminur M, Shah R, Khanom S, Nesha MK. 2013. Climate change impacts on the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem services and dependent livelihoods in Bangladesh 2, 152-156.
Wetland International Africa (2016). http://africa. wetlands.org/Homepage/tabid/2907/language/enGB/Default.aspx.
Md. Mamun, Jannatul Ferdous, Sang-Jae Lee, Md. Rashidul Islam, Kwang-Guk An, 2017. Climate change cost upon ecosystem services in the Sundarban mangrove forest in Bangladesh. J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 11(1), 50-55.
Copyright © 2017 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.