Correlation between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin conversion enzyme gene and hypertension among the Gabonese population
Paper Details
Correlation between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin conversion enzyme gene and hypertension among the Gabonese population
Abstract
I/D polymorphism of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme gene (ACE), seems to be an excellent marker of risk of the hypertension. The study was carried out in order to determine the relationship between arterial hypertension and the polymorphism of the ACE gene among the Gabonese population. In total 132 patients were enrolled of which 95 hypertensive patients (cases) and 37 normotensive subjects (controls). The 287bp sequence in intron 16 of the ACE gene were identified by a conventional PCR. Statistical analysis and calculation of the odds ratio were applied to compare distributions of alleles I and D between hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects. The frequencies of the genotypes DD, ID and II were 53%, 39.4% and 7.6% respectively in the study population. The DD genotype was approximately 3 times greater in cases 55 (78.60%) than in controls 15 (21.40%). The D allele was 3 times higher among cases (75%) than controls (25%). I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene seems to be associated with a risk for hypertension but the correlation was not significant (OR=1.55, p=0.15). These results showed that the genotypes DD, ID, II were not involved in the occurrence of hypertension in Gabonese population leading to cardiovascular diseases.
Baragou S, Djibril M, Atta B, Damorou F, Pio M, Balogou A. 2012. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in an urban area of Togo: a WHO STEPs-wise approach in Lome, Togo. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa 23, 309-312.
Brian JM, Robert YL, Zee, Andrew PS. 2006. Different Frequencies of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Genotypes in Older Hypertensive Individuals. Journal of Clinical Investigation 94, 1085-1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI117423.
Esien Kooffreh M, Anumudu CI, Lava Kumar P. 2014. Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-convertin genzyme gene and the risk of hypertension among residents of two cities, South-South Nigeria. Advanced Biomedical Research 3, 118-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2277-9175.133184
Flack JM, Saca DA, Bakris G, Brown AR, Ferdinand KC, Grimm RH, Dallas Hall W, Jones WE, Kountz DS, Lea JP, Nasser S, Nesbitt SD, Saunders E, Matlock MS and Jamerson KA. 2010. Management of high blood pressure in blacks: An update of the international society on hypertension in blacks’ consensus statement. Hypertension 56, 780-800. www.dx.doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.152892
Hooper WC, Dowling NF, Wenger NK, Dilley A, Ellingsen D, Evatt BL. 2002. Relationship of venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction with the renin-angiotensin system in African-Americans. American Journal of Hematology 70, 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajh.10078
Karaali ZE, Agachan B, Yilmaz H, Isbir T. 2002. Angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphisms and effects of left ventricular hypertrophy in Turkish myocardial infarction patients. Acta Cardiologica 59, 493-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/AC.59.5.2005221
Keyser C, Petkovski E. 2006. Utilisation des SNP pour l’identification humaine. Spectra analyses 249, 24-29.
Krahn M. 2011. Cours: Bases moléculaires des mutations et Bases moléculaires du mode de transmission des maladies génétiques. Département de Génétique Médicale – Hôpital Timone Enfants, AP-HM, Et INSERM UMR910-Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée. Marseilles.
Mehri S, Mahjoub S, Hammami S, Zaroui A, Frih A, Betbout F, Mechmeche R, Hammami M. 2012. Renin-angiotensin system polymorphisms in relation to hypertension status and obesity in a Tunisian population. Molecular Biology Reports 39, 4059–4065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1187-2
Ndong-Atome GR, Mickala P, Padzys GS, Ngoua-Meye-Misso RL, Sima-Obiang C, Ouamba JM. 2017. Epidemiological Study of High Blood Pressure in Haut-Ogooue Province, Franceville, Gabon. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research 05, 26496-26502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/4436
Ngoungou EB, Aboyans V, Kouanae P, Makandja R, Ecke Nzengue JE, Ndong Alloghoe C, Laskarf M, Preux PM, Lacroix P. 2012. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Gabon: A population study. Archives of Cardiovascular Disease 105, 77-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acvd.2011.12.005
OMS. 2012. Statistiques Sanitaires Mondiales de l’OMS, Genève (Suisse) (Ed.). ISBN 978 92 4 256444 0.
Opie LH, Seedat YK. 2005. Hypertension in sub-Saharan African populations. Circulation 112, 3562-8. www.dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.539569
Prabhakar P, Nagaraja D, Christopher R. 2014. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/ deletion polymorphism and small vessel cerebral stroke in Indian population. International Journal of Vascular Medicine 2014, 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/305309
Rapport de l’Union Africaine. 2013. Etat de l’hypertension en Afrique
Sayed-Tabatabaei FA, Oostra BA, Isaacs A, Van Dujinn CM, Witteman JCM. 2006. ACE Polymorphisms. Circulation Research 98, 1123-1133. www.dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.0000223145.74217.e7
Tchelougou D, Kologo JK, Karou SD, Yaméogo VN, Bisseye C, Djigma FW, Ouermi D, Compaoré TR, Assih M, Pietra V, Zabsonré P, Simpore J. 2015. Renin-Angiotensin System Genes Polymorphisms and Essential Hypertension in Burkina Faso, West Africa. International Journal of Hypertension. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/979631
WHO. 2009. Enquête sur les facteurs de risque des maladies non transmissible à Libreville et Owendo
Ndong Atome Guy Roger, Obame-Engonga Louis-Clément, Ovono Abessolo Felix, 2018. Correlation between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin conversion enzyme gene and hypertension among the Gabonese population. Int. J. Biosci., 12(2), 43-51.
Copyright © 2018 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.