home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Determination of energy balance, greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential for sugar beet production

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/01/2015
Views (430) Download (29)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Determination of energy balance, greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential for sugar beet production

Mohammad Ali Salehi, Morteza Almassi, Ali Mohammad Borghai, Babak Beheshti
J. Bio. Env. Sci.6( 1), 132-142, January 2015.
Certificate: JBES 2015 [Generate Certificate]
Key: CO2Efficiency Energy RatioEnergyEnergy ProductivitySugar beet

Abstract

This study aims to estimate and evaluate the energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions in sugar beet production in Naghadeh a northwestern city of Iran. For this reason data was collected by using questionnaires and face to face interviews with 125 farmers. Results showed that total energy inputs and output were 69113.46 and 260429 MJ ha-1, respectively. Efficiency Energy Ratio (ER) was 3.77 and Energy Productivity (EP) was 0.97MJha-1. Maximum CO2 emission due to N-fertilizer inputs was 938.05 kgha– 1, respectively. In sugar beet farms total CO2 production was 2777.10 kgha-1.The results also showed that the indirect and non-renewable energy sources were 76.28% and 82.36%, respectively. The high rate of non-renewable and indirect energy inputs indicate an intensive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, tractor and machinery and irrigation system consumption in these agro-ecosystems. Finally, giving a proper education to farmers about extension services in case of machinery combination, fertilizing, spraying and soil test, in a proper time, can have a great effect in sustainability of the sugar beet production.

VIEWS 46
Cover PDF

Anonymous. 2014. Sugar beet harvest in naghadeh.

Asgharipour MR, Mondani F, Riahinia S. 2012. Energy use efficiency and economic analysis of sugar beet production system in Iran: A case study in Khorasan Razavi province. Energy 44(1),1078–1084. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.023.

Austin RB, Kingston G, Longden PC, Donovan PA. 1978. Gross energy yields and the support energy requirements for the production of sugar from beet and cane; a study of four production areas. The Journal of Agricultural Science 91(03),667–675. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600060068.

Bonnie S. 1987. L’energie et sa crise de 1974 a 1984 dans l’agriculutre Francaise. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Grignon, France.

Borin M, Menini C, Sartori L. 1997. Effects of tillage systems on energy and carbon balance in north-eastern Italy. Soil and Tillage Research 40(3-4),209–226. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-1987(96)01057-4.

Canakci M, Topakci M, Akinci I, Ozmerzi a. 2005. Energy use pattern of some field crops and vegetable production: Case study for Antalya Region, Turkey. Energy Conversion and Management 46(4),655–666. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2004.04.008.

Castoldi N, Bechini L. 2010. Integrated sustainability assessment of cropping systems with agro-ecological and economic indicators in northern Italy. European Journal of Agronomy 32,59–72. DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2009.02.003.

Demircan V, Ekinci K, Keener HMHM, Akbolat D, Ekinci C. 2006. Energy and economic analysis of sweet cherry production in Turkey, A case study from Isparta province. Energy Conversion and Management 47(13),1761–1769. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2005.10.003.

Erdal G, Esengün K, Erdal H, Gündüz O. 2007. Energy use and economical analysis of sugar beet production in Tokat province of Turkey. Energy 32(1),35–41. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2006.01.007.

FAO. 2009. How to Feed the World in 2050. Food and Agriculture Organization.

Fluck RC, Baird CD. 1982. Agricultural Energetics. AVI Publications, Westport, CT.

Gezer I. 2003. Use of energy and labour in apricot agriculture in Turkey. Biomass and Bioenergy 24(3),215–219. DOI: 10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00116-2.

Green MR. 1987. Energy in pesticide manufacture, distribution and use. Energy in world agriculture (2),166–177.

Grisso RD, Kocher MF, Vaughan DH. 2004. Predicting tractor fuel consumption. Biological Systems Engineering 20(5),553–562.

Haciseferogullari H, Acaroglu M, Gezer I. 2003. Determination of the energy balance of the sugar beet plant. Energy Sources 25(1),15–22. DOI: 10.1080/00908310290142073.

Helsel ZR. 1992. Energy and alternatives for fertilizer and pesticide use. Energy in farm production 6, 177–201.

Hülsbergen K-J, Feil B, Biermann S, Rathke G-W, Kalk W-D, Diepenbrock W. 2001. A method of energy balancing in crop production and its application in a long-term fertilizer trial. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 86(3),303–321. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00286-3.

Iranian Sugar Factories Syndicate. 2013. Statistics of production of sugar from sugar beet and sugar cane, and imports from 1971 to 2013. .

Khoshnevisan B, Rafiee S, Omid M, Mousazadeh H. 2013a. Reduction of CO2 emission by improving energy use efficiency of greenhouse cucumber production using DEA approach. Energy. Elsevier 55,676–682. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.021.

Khoshnevisan B, Rafiee S, Omid M, Mousazadeh H, Rajaeifar MA. 2014a. Application of artificial neural networks for prediction of output energy and GHG emissions in potato production in Iran. Agricultural Systems. Elsevier Ltd 123,120–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2013.10.003.

Khoshnevisan B, Rafiee S, Omid M, Yousefi M, Movahedi M. 2013b. Modeling of energy consumption and GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions in wheat production in Esfahan province of Iran using artificial neural networks. Energy. Elsevier 52,333–338. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.028.

Khoshnevisan B, Shariati HM, Rafiee S, Mousazadeh H. 2014b. Comparison of energy consumption and GHG emissions of open field and greenhouse strawberry production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 29,316–324. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.098.

Kitani O. 1999. CIGR handbook of agricultural engineering, Volume 5: Energy and biomass engineering. American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE). American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) 21.

Kramer K., Moll H., Nonhebel S. 1999. Total greenhouse gas emissions related to the Dutch crop production system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 72(1),9–16. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8809(98)00158-3.

Kränzlein T, Kempen M, Mack G. 2007. Energiebedarf der landwirtschaftlichen Produk-tion in Europa: Regionale Unterschiede und Bestimmungsgründe. Agrarwirtschaft und Agrarsoziologie 2(07),23–60.

Kuesters J, Lammel J. 1999. Investigations of the energy efficiency of the production of winter wheat and sugar beet in Europe. European Journal of Agronomy. Elsevier 11(1),35–43. DOI: 10.1016/S1161-0301(99)00015-5.

Lal R. 2004. Carbon emission from farm operations. Environment international 30(7),981–90. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2004.03.005.

Lockeretz W. 1980. Energy inputs for nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. In: Pimentel D (ed) Handbook of Energy Utilization in Agriculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 15–21.

Mandal K, Saha KP, Ghosh PK, Hati KM, Bandyopadhyay KK. 2002. Bioenergy and economic analysis of soybean-based crop production systems in central India. Biomass and Bioenergy. Elsevier 23(5),337–345. DOI: 10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00058-2.

Mohammad Y, Ali M. 2011. Economical analysis and energy use efficiency in alfalfa production systems in Iran. Scientific Research and Essays. Academic Journals 6(11),2332–2336.

Mohammadi A, Tabatabaeefar A, Shahan S, Rafiee S, Keyhani A. 2008. Energy use and economical analysis of potato production in Iran a case study: Ardabil Province. Energy Conversion and Management 49, 3566–3570. DOI: doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2008.07.003.

Nabavi-Pelesaraei A, Abdi R, Rafiee S, Mobtaker HG. 2014. Optimization of energy required and greenhouse gas emissions analysis for orange producers using data envelopment analysis approach. Journal of Cleaner Production 65,311–317. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.08.019.

Naderloo L, Alimardani R, Omid M, Sarmadian F, Javadikia P, Torabi MY. 2013. Modeling of wheat yield and sensitivity analysis based on energy inputs for three years in Abyek town, Ghazvin, Iran. Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal 15(1),68–77.

Parry ML, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE. 2007. Climate Change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press 976.

Pimentel D. 1980. Energy inputs for the production, formulation, packaging, and transport of various pesticides. Handbook of energy utilization in agriculture. Boca Raton: CRC 45–48.

Pimentel D, Pimentel M. 1979. Food, Energy and Society. Arnold: London 165.

Singh J. M. 2002. On farm energy use pattern in different cropping systems in Haryana, India. University of Flensburg, Germany.

Sloggett G. 1992. Estimating energy use in world irrigation. Energy in farm production 6,203–218.

Snyder CS, Bruulsema TW, Jensen TL, Fixen PE. 2009. Review of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production systems and fertilizer management effects. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 133(3-4),247–266. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.021.

Spugnoli P, Baldi F, Parenti A. 1993. L’analisi energetica per un miglior uso delle risorse nei processi agricoli. Applicazioni ad aziende agricole Toscane 4,225–233.

Tabatabaeefar A, Emamzadeh H, Varnamkhasti MG, Rahimizadeh R, Karimi M. 2009. Comparison of energy of tillage systems in wheat production. Energy 34(1),41–45. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2008.09.023.

Terhune EC. 1980. Energy used in the United States for agricultural liming materials. Handbook of Energy Utilization in Agriculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 25–33.

Tzilivakis J, Jaggard K, Lewis K a., May M, Warner DJ. 2005a. Environmental impact and economic assessment for UK sugar beet production systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 107(4),341–358. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2004.12.016.

Tzilivakis J, Warner DJ, May M, Lewis KA, Jaggard K. 2005b. An assessment of the energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) production in the UK. Agricultural Systems 85,101–119. DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2004.07.015.   www.nagadeh-ag.ir. 2007. .

Yamane T. 1967. Elementary sampling theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Yousefi M, Ghazvineh S. 2011. Diesel fuel consumption and Energy use efficiency of rainfed Barley production systems in Iran. World applied sciences journal 13(6),1375–1379.

Yousefi M, Khoramivafa M, Mondani F. 2014. Integrated evaluation of energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential for sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) agroecosystems in Iran. Atmospheric Environment 92,501–505. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.04.050.

Zentner RP, Lafond GP, Derksen DA, Nagy CN, Wall DD, May WE. 2004. Effects of tillage method and crop rotation on non-renewable energy use efficiency for a thin Black Chernozem in the Canadian prairies. Soil and Tillage Research 77. DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2003.11.002.

Submit Manuscript