home icon user icon
Welcome to International Network for Natural Sciences | INNS Pub.
Home My Account
Submit Manuscript
double_slash
breadcumb_bg

Determination of Lead and Zinc in Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss from Iran in 2001 and 2011

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/06/2014
Views (431) Download (6)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Determination of Lead and Zinc in Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss from Iran in 2001 and 2011

Abolfazl Askary Sary, Mohammad Velayatzadeh
Int. J. Biosci.4( 11), 1-9, June 2014.
Certificate: IJB 2014 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Cyprinus carpioHeavy metalleadOncorhynchus mykissZinc

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate contamination of heavy metals Pb and Zn in liver and muscle in Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss from Iran in 2001 and 2011. Heavy metal levels in fish samples were analyzed by Perkin Elmer 4100 zl atomic absorption. Sampling was done completely random and 48 number fishes were prepared of farmed fishes from the ahvaz and shehrekrod. The results show that the The highest concentration of Pb in muscle of Oncorhynchus mykiss 0.73±0.05 mgKg-1dw (2001). Also determined lowest concentration of Pb was in liver this fish 0.16±0.01 mgKg-1dw (2001).The highest concentration of Zn in the liver of Cyprinus carpio 62±5.81 mgKg-1dw (2001) and lowest concentration of Zn in muscle of Oncorhynchus mykiss2.78±0.13 mgKg-1dw (2001). This study concentration of heavy metals Zn and Pb were in the liver and muscle of Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss significant difference between 2001 and 2011 (P<0.05), except Pb in muscle and liver Cyprinus carpio (P≥0.05). The mean estimated concentrations for Zn in the present study were higher than International Standards for these metals as declare by the UKMAFF and FAO. Concentrations of Pb in this study were lowest than WHO, UKMAFF, FAO, FDA and NHMRC.

VIEWS 11
Cover PDF

Abu Hilal AH, Ismail NS. 2008. Heavy Metals in Eleven Common Species of Fish from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 1, 13-18.

Agah H, Leermakers M, Elskens M, Fatemi SMR, Baeyens W. 2009.  Accumulation  of  trace metals in the muscle and liver tissues of five species from the Persian Gulf. Environment Monitoring and Assessment 157, 499-514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0551-8.

Alonso ML, Montana FP. Miranda M, Castillo C, Hernandez J, Benedito JL. 2004. Interactions between toxic (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) and nutritional essential (Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Zn) elements  in  the  tissues  of  cattle  from  NW  Spain. BioMetals 17, 389-397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOM.0000029434.89679.

Ashraf W, Seddigi Z, Abulkibash A, Khalid M. 2006. Levels of selected metals in canned fish consumed in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 117(1), 271-279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-0989-5.

Aucoin J, Blanchard R, Billiot C, Partridge C, Schultz D, Mandhare K, Beck MJ, Beck JN. 1999. Trace metals in fish and sediments from Lake Boeuf, Southeastern Louisiana. Microchem Journal 62, 299-307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mchj.1999.1735.

Canli M, Furness RW. 1993.  Toxicity of heavy metals dissolved in seawater and influences of sex and size on metal accumulation and tissue distribution in the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus. Marine Environment Research 36, 217-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(93)90090-M

Canli M,   Atli G. 2003. The relationships between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species. Environment  Pollution 121(1), 129-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S02697491(02)00194-X

Castro-Gonzalez MI, Mendez-Armenta M. 2008. Heavy metals: Implications associated to fish consumption. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 26, 263-271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2008.06.001.

Celik U, Oehlenschlager J. 2004. Determination of zinc and copper in fish samples collected from Northeast Atlantic By DPSAV. Food Chemistry 87, 343-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/jfoodchem.2003.11.018.

Celik U, Oehlenschlager J. 2007. High contents of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper in popular fishery products sold in Turkish supermarkets. Food Control 18, 258-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/jfoodcont.2005.10.004.

Dobaradaran S, Naddafi K, Nazmara SH, Ghaedi H. 2010. Heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) content in two fish species of Persian Gulf in Bushehr Port, Iran. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(37), 6191-6193.

EU. 2001. Commission regulation as regards heavy metals, Directive 2001/22/EC. No: 466/2001.

FAO. (1983). Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products. FAO Fishery Circular No. 464, 5-10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

Fernandes C, Fontaínhas-Fernandes A, Cabral D, Salgado MA. 2008. Heavy metals in water, sediment and tissues of Liza saliens from Esmoriz– Paramos lagoon, Portugal. Environment Monitoring and Assessment 136, 267–275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9682-6.

Heath AG. 1987. Water Pollution and Fish Physiology. CRC Press, Florida, USA, 245 p.

Ikem A, Egiebor NO. 2005. Assessment of trace elements in canned fishes (mackerel, tuna, salmon, sardines and herrings) marketed in Georgia and Alabama (United States of America). Journal of Food Composition Analytic 18, 771-787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2004.11.002.

Kucuksezgin F, Altayl O, Uluturhan E, Kontas A. 2001.  Trace metal and organochlorine residue levels in red mullet (Mullus barbatus) from the Eastern Aegean, Turkey. Water Research 35(9), 2327-2332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00504-2.

Lewis MA, Scott GI, Bearden DW, Quarles RL, James M. 2002. Fish tissue quality in near- coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico receiving point source discharges. Sciences of The Total Environment 284, 249-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00891-9.

Linde AR, Sanchez-Galan S, Izquierdo JI, Arribas P, Maranon E, Garcya-Vazquez E. 1998.  Brown  Trout  as  biomonitor  of  heavy  metal pollution: effect of age               on the reliability of the assessment. Ecotoxicological and Environmental Safety 40, 120-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1998.1652.

Macfarlane GB, Burchettt     MD. 2000. Cellular distribution of Cu, Pb and Zn in the Grey Mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk). Aquatic Botany 68, 45-49. http://dx.doi.org/101016/S0304-3770(00)00105-4.

Maaboodi H, Jamili S, Maddani H. 2011. Accumulation of heavy metals (Lead and Zinc) in the Liver of some edible fishes in Zayandeh-rood. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences  5(3), 295-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjes.2011.295.301.

MAFF. 1995. Monitoring and surveillance of non-radioactive contaminants in the aquatic environment and activities regulating the disposal of wastes at sea, 1993. Aquatic Environment Monitoring Report No. 44. Direcorate of Fisheries Research, Lowestoft.

Mendil D, Uluozlu OD, Hasdemir E, Tuzen M, Sari H, Suicmez M. 2005. Determination of trace metal levels in seven fish species in lakes in Tokat, Turkey. Food Chemistry 90, 175-179. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/jfoodchem.2004.03.0 39.

Merian E. 1991. Metals and their Compounds in Environment and Life. Occurrence, Analysis and Biological Relevance. New York, Verlag Chemie Weinheim.

Mitra A, Mondal K, Banerjee K. 2010. Concentration of Heavy Metals in Fish Juveniles of Gangetic Delta of West Bengal, India. Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology 5(1), 21-26.

Mohammadi M, Askary Sary A, Khodadadi M. 2011. Determination of heavy metals in two barbs, Barbus grypus and Barbus xanthopterus in Karoon and Dez Rivers, Khuzestan, Iran. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 87(2), 158-162.

Munoz-Olivas  R,  Camara  C.  2001.  Speciation related  to  human  health.  In:  Ebdon,  L.,  Pitts,  L., Cornelis, R., Crews, H., Donard, O.F.X., Quevauviller, P. (Eds.), Trace Element Speciation for Environment, Food  and  Health. The  Royal  Society of Chemistry 331–353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847552204-00331.

Oymak SA, Karadede-Akin H, Dogan N. 2009. Heavy metal in tissues of Tor grypus from Ataturk Dam Lake, Euphrates River-Turkey. Biologia 64(1), 151-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11756-009-0026-6.

Prudente M, Kim EY, Tanabe S, Tatsukawa R. 1997. Metal levels in some commercial fish species from Manila Bay, the Philippines. Marine Pollution Bulltein 34(8), 671-674. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/S0025326X(97)00035-0.

Puwastien P, Judprasong K, Kettwan E, Vasanachitt K, Nakngamanong Y, Bhattacharjee L. 1999. Proximate composition of raw and cooked Thai freshwater and marine fish. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 12, 9-16. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1006/jfca.1998.0800.

Rashed MN. 2001.  Monitoring  of  environmental heavy metals in fish from Nasser lake. Environmental International 27, 27-33. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/S01604120(01)00050-2.

Rodriguez VM, Jimenez-Capdeville ME, Giordano M. 2003. The effects of arsenic exposure on the nervous system. Toxicology Letters 145(1), 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/S03784274(03)00262-5.

Romeo M, Siau Y, Sidoumou Z, Gnassia-Barelli M. 1999. Heavy metal distribution in different fish species from the Mauritania coast. Science of The Total Environment 232, 169-175. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/S00489697(99)00099 -6.

Sadeghi-Rad M. 1997. Studying and determination of heavy metals (Mercury, Cadmium, Lead, Zinc, Cobalt) in some species of Anzali swamp edible fish (Carp, Duck fish, Carassius, Phytophag). Science Magazine Iran Fish 4, 1-16.

TFC. 2002. Turkish Food Codes, Official Gazette, 23 September 2002. No: 24885.

Turkmen M, Turkmen A, Tepe  Y,  Ates  A, Gokku K. 2008. Determination of metal contaminations in sea foods from Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean seas: Twelve fish species. Food Chemistry 108, 794-800. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.11.025.

Turkmen A, Tepe Y, Turkmen M, Mutlu E. 2009. Heavy Metal Contaminants in Tissues of the Garfish, Belone belone and the Bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix from Turkey Waters. Bulletin of Environmental  Contamination  and  Toxicology  82, 70-74. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1007/s00128-008-9553-z.

Turkmen A, Turkmen M, Tepe Y, Cekic M. 2010. Metals in tissues of fish from Yelkoma Lagoon, northeastern Mediterranean. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 168, 223-230. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1007/s10661-009-1106-3.

Tuzen M, Soylak M. 2007. Determination of trace metals in canned fish marketed in Turkey. Food Chemistry 101(4), 1378-1382. http://dx.doi.org/org/org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006 03.044.

Tuzen M. 2009. Toxic and essential trace elemental contents in fish species from the Black Sea, Turkey. Journal  of  Food  and  chemical  Toxicology  47(9), 2302-2307. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/jfct.2009.04.029.

UNEP. 1991. Sampling of selected marine organisms and sample preparation for the analysis of chlorinated hydrocarbons Reference Methods for Marine Pollution Studies No. 12. Rev. 2. UNEP. Nairobi. 17.

WHO. 1996. Health criteria other supporting information. In: Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, vol. 2, 2nd ed., 31-388 p, Geneva.

Yamazaki M, Tanizak Y, Shimokawa T. 1996. Silver and other trace elements in a freshwater fish, Carasius auratus langsdorfii, from the Asakawa River in Tokyo, Japan. Environment Pollution 94, 83-90. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/S02697491(96)00053 -X.

Yilmaz F, Ozdemir N, Demirak A, Tuna AL. 2007. Heavy metal levels in two fish species Leuciscus cephalus and Lepomis  gibbosus Food Chemistry 100, 830-835. http://dx.doi.org/org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.09.0 20.

Submit Manuscript