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Determination of phenolic compounds and evaluation of the antioxidant properties of four plants from Burkina Faso

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Research Paper 01/07/2020
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Determination of phenolic compounds and evaluation of the antioxidant properties of four plants from Burkina Faso

Windmi Kagambega, Lassina Ouattara, Crépin I. Dibala, Judith N. Semporé, Mamoudou H. Dicko
Int. J. Biosci.17( 1), 95-105, July 2020.
Certificate: IJB 2020 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Antioxidant activitiesDaniella oliveriMaranthes polyandraPhenolic compoundsPtelopsis suberosaSclerocarya birrea

Abstract

Daniella oliveri (Caesalpiniaceae), Sclerocarya birrea (Anacardiaceae), Maranthes polyandra (Chrysobalanaceae), Ptelopsis suberosa (Combretaceae) have long been regarded as the medicinal plants. This research work was designed to evaluate the polyphenolic content, and antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions of these four plants of Burkina Faso. The extraction of the bioactive compounds was carried out by hydroethanolic maceration followed by a liquid-liquid fractionation with solvents of increasing polarities. Total phenols and flavonoids were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum trichloride spectrophotometer, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the samples were evaluated by various in vitro assays like total reducing power, DPPH scavenging and ABTS radical cation decolorization assays. The highest extraction yields were obtained with ethyl acetate and butanol fractions. Of these four plants, only the species Ptelopsis suberosa had the highest levels of phenolic compounds. The total phenol and total flavonoid contents were respectively 22.37 ± 0.21 mg EAG / 100 mg and 16.05 ± 0.13 mg EQ / 100 mg hydroethanolic extract, 21.31 ± 0.21 mg EAG / 100 mg and 11.82 ± 1.98 mg EQ / 100 mg ethyl acetate fraction and 18.07 ± 0.41 mg EAG / 100 mg and 11, 22 ± 1.31 mg EQ / 100 mg butanolic fraction. The low levels of phenolic compounds were obtained with the species Maranthes polyandra. The results of the antioxidant activities showed that the hydroethanolic extract of Ptelopsis suberosa and the fraction of ethyl acetate of Maranthes polyandra present the best antioxidant activities with respectively an IC50 of 0.36 ± 0.19 and 0.47 ± 0.12 μg/mL and an inhibitory power of the radical ABTS of 32.28 ± 0.68 and 34.81 mg /g. The present study demonstrated that these four plants are an important source of phenolic compounds and have interesting antioxidant properties.

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