Digestive enzyme activities in four diverse small indigenous fish species from Sareswar beel of Kokrajhar, Assam in Northeast India

Paper Details

Research Paper 12/01/2023
Views (851) Download (134)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Digestive enzyme activities in four diverse small indigenous fish species from Sareswar beel of Kokrajhar, Assam in Northeast India

Bichitra Narzary, Sanraja Muchahary, Bronson Kumar Khangembam
J. Bio. Env. Sci.22( 1), 74-84, January 2014.
Certificate: JBES 2023 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Small indigenous fish species (SIFs) are important source of protein and micronutrients for the local population and hence considered as potential for aquaculture expansion. Pethia conchonius, Glossogobius giuris, Nandus nandus and Trichogaster fasciata are such SIFs found in Sareswar beel of Kokrajhar, Assam, India. This is an important beel with potential for development of fisheries in the region. Information on the food habit and digestive physiology are important in understanding the nutritional biology of a fish species essential for designing appropriate diet and feeding strategy for its successful culture. The present investigation aims to study and compare the feeding habit and digestive enzyme profile of these species. Relative gut length data suggested that P. conchonius and T. fasciata were herbivores, while N. nandus and G. giuris were omnivore and carnivore, respectively. Ga.SI varied in all the species (2.65 ± 1.39 to 4.66 ± 2.14) and the result indicated good or high feeding intensity in all the species. The highest amylase and lipase activity was observed in T. fasciata, and significantly lower activity was recorded in G. giuris and N. nandus, respectively. Pepsin was found to be highest in N. nandus while total protease was greatest in P. conchonius. Plasticity in the food intake in the natural environment seems to influence the enzyme activities. The present study has established vital information on the digestive enzyme properties and feeding nature of the four SIFs which may be useful in the development of suitable feed for their mass production for their successful culture.

VIEWS 270

Abidin DAZ, Hashim M, Das SK, Rahim SM, Mazlan AG. 2016. Enzymatic digestion of stomachless fish Zenarchopterus buffonis. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation 9, 695-703.

Alam A, Chadha NK, Chakraborty SK, Joshi KD, Kumar T, Das SCS, Roy SD, Rizvi AF, Sawant PB, Kumar J. 2019. Studies on the growth and mortality of invasive Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in sub-tropical river Yamuna, part of Gangetic River system, India. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 22, 473-480.

Al-Hussaini AH. 1949. On the functional morphology of the alimentary tract of some fish in relation to differences in their feeding habits: anatomy and histology. Journal of cell Science 3, 109-139.

Almeida APG, Zardo EL, Toni C, Behr ER, Silva LP, Vieira JP, Loro VL, Baldisserotto B. 2018. Composition of gastrointestinal content, protease and lipase activities in summer and winter of four freshwater siluriforms (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) with two different feeding habits. Zoologia (Curitiba) 35, e13286.

Asadi H, Sattari M, Motalebi Y, Zamani-Faradonbeh M, Gheytasi A. 2017. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of seven fish species from Shahrbijar River, Southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 16, 733-741.

Baishya RA, Basumatary S, Kalita HK, Talukdar B, Dutta A, Sarma D. 2016. Present status and diversity of small indigenous fish species (SIS) in the upper reaches of river Brahmaputra in Assam, north-eastern India. Indian Journal of Fisheries 63, 1-7.

Baro DC, Sharma S, Baishya RA. 2014. Status of ornamental fish diversity of Sonkosh River, Bodoland territorial council, Assam, India. Science vision 14, 28-33.

Bernfeld P. 1955. Amylase, α and β: Colorimetric assay methods. In: S.P. Colowick, N.O. Kaplan (Ed.). Methods in Enzymology Academic Press, New York p. 149-158.

Bhatnagar GK, Karamchandani SJ. 1970. Food and feeding habits of Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch) in river Narbada near Hoshangabad (MP). Journal of Inland Fisheries Society of India 2, 30-50.

Bhutia RN, Prakash NR, Ahmed I, Hussain I. 2021. Small indigenous fish based paddy cum fish cultivation in land shaping models in Sundarbans. Food and Scientific Reports 2, 21-23.

Bhuyan D. 2016. Some Indigenous Fish Preservation Techniques Practised in Jorhat District, Assam, India. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research 7, 55-58.

Borah S, Bhattacharjya BK, Saud BJ, Yadav AK, Debnath D, Yengkokpam S, Sarma KK. 2017. Length-weight relationship of six indigenous fish species from Deepor beel, A Ramsar site in Assam, India. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 33, 655-657.

Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72, 248-254.

Chaudhuri A, Mukherjee S, Homechaudhuri S. 2012. Diet composition and digestive enzymes activity in carnivorous fishes inhabiting mudflats of Indian Sundarban estuaries. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12, 265-275.

Das SK, Kalita N. 2006. Seed production technology of ornamental gouramis Colisa fasciata and Colisa lalia under captive conditions – an experience in Assam, India. Aquaculture Asia Magazine 11, 13-14.

Das SM, Moitra SK. 1963. Studies on the food and feeding habits of some freshwater fishes of India. Part-IV: A review on the food and feeding habits, with general conclusions. Ichthyologica 2, 107-115.

Dinh MQ, Tran TL, Nguyen TKT. 2018. The relative gut length and gastro-somatic indices of the mudskipper Periophthalmodon septemradiatus (Hamilton, 1822) from the Hau River. VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 34, 75-83.

Duarah P, Das K. 2019. Diversity of Small Indigenous Freshwater Fish Species (SIFs) in Assam; Nutritional Contents and Medicinal Importance: A Review 10, 357-361.

Emmanuel M, Neethu GP, Sreekanth GB, Pramod Kiran RB. 2019. Food and feeding habits of Etroplus suratensis (Bloch, 1790) in Vellayani Lake, Kerala. Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 7, 120-126.

Felts RA, Fazts F, Akteruzzaman M. 1996. Small Indigenous Fish species culture in Bangladesh (Technical brief) IFADEP Sub project 2, Development of Inland Fisheries 41.

Froese R, Pauly D. 2021. Fish Base 2021. World Wide Web electronic publication. Retrieved from: http://www.fishbase.org. Accessed on Jan 07, 2023.

Garcia-Carreno FL. 1992. The digestive protease of langostilla (Pleuroncodes planipes, Decapoda): Their partial characterization, and the effect of feed on their composition. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 103, 575-578.

Gioda CR, Pretto A, Freitas CDS, Leitemperger J, Loro VL, Lazzari R, Lissner LA, Baldisserotto B, Salbego J. 2017. Different feeding habits influence the activity of digestive enzymes in freshwater fish. Ciência Rural 47, e20160113.

Gogoi B, Kachari A, Dutta R, Darshan A, Das DN. 2015. Fishery-based livelihood approaches and management of fishery resources in Assam. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2, 327-330.

Goswami S. 2007. Biology and ecology of Nandus nandus (Hamilton) from the new alluvial zone of West Bengal. Ph.D Thesis Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India.

Hidalgo MC, Urea E, Sanz A. 1999. Comparative study of digestive enzymes in fish with different nutritional habitus. Proteolytic and amylase activities. Aquaculture 170, 267-283.

Hlophe SN, Moyo NAG, Ncube I. 2014. Postprandial changes in pH and enzyme activity from the stomach and intestines of Tilapia rendalli (Boulenger, 1897), Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) and Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Journal of Applied Ichthyology 30, 35-41.

Hofer R. 1982. Protein digestion and proteolytic activity in the digestive tract of an omnivorous cyprinid. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 72, 55-63.

Hossain MS, Roy A, Rahman ML. 2016. Food and feeding habit of Bele Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton and Buchannan, 1822) collected from Mithamain Haor of Kishoreganj districts, northeastern Bangladesh. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 4, 84-88.

Kakati BK, Goswami UC. 2013. Characterization of the traditional fermented fish product Shidol of Northeast India prepared from Puntius sophore and Setipinna phasa. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 12, 85-90.

Kalita T, Deka K. 2013. Ornamental fish conservation in the flood plain wetlands of lower Brahmaputra basin. Advances in Applied Science Research 4, 99-106.

Khan W, Naqvi SMHM, Khan HU, Rafiq M, Ahmad B, Noor A, Akhtar S, Shadman M. 2021. Feeding habit of Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) in upper parts of river Swat, Pakistan. Brazilian Journal of Biology 82, e239219.

Khongngain O, Das S, Bhakta D. 2017. Study on food and feeding biology of Trichogaster fasciata Bloch and Schneider, 1801 from a wetland of Nadia district of West Bengal. Journal of Inland Fisheries Society of India 49, 3-9.

Kohinoor AHM, Wahab MA, Islam ML, Thilsted SH. 2001. Culture potentials of mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), chela (Chela cachius) and punti (Puntius sophore) under monoculture system. Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries Research 5, 123-134.

Kurbah BM, Bhuyan RN. 2018. Analysis of feeding behaviour and gastro-somatic index (GaSI) during different phases of breeding cycle of Monopterus cuchia (Hamilton, 1822) from Meghalaya, India. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, 1187-1191.

Langeland M, Lindberg JE, Lundh T. 2013. Digestive enzyme activity in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development 5, 208.

Lanthaimeilu K, Bhattacharjee P. 2018. Relative gut length and gastro-somatic index of Pethia conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) and Trichogaster fasciata (Bloch & Schneider 1801), Tripura. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 6, 2403-2407.

Larsen T, Thilsted HS, Kongsbak K, Hansen M. 2000. Whole small fish as a rich calcium source. British Journal of Nutrition 83, 191-196.

Lundstedt LM, Melo JFB, Moraes G. 2004. Digestive enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Teleostei: Siluriformes) in response to diet composition. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 137, 331-339.

Mahanty A, Ganguly S, Verma A, Sahoo S, Mitra P, Paria P, Sharma AP, Singh BK, Mohanty BP. 2014. Nutrient profile of small indigenous fish Puntius sophore: Proximate composition, amino acid, fatty acid and micronutrient profiles. National Academy Science Letters 37, 39-44.

Manorama M, Ramanujam SN. 2017. Diet of threatened fish Pethia shalynius (Yazdani and Talukdar 1975) in the Umiam River, Northeast India. Asian Fisheries Science 30, 38-49.

Meshram MM, Rajesh M, Suyani NK, Rajesh KM. 2022. Diet composition, feeding dynamics and proximate composition of obtuse barracuda Sphyraena obtusata (Cuvier, 1829) in the southeastern Arabian Sea. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 48, 163-168.

Naik G, Rashid M, Balkhi MH, Bhat FA. 2015. Food and feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio Var. communis: a reason that decline Schizothoracine fish production from Dal Lake of Kashmir Valley. Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal 6, 155.

Narzary Y, Brahma J, Brahma C, Das S. 2016. A study on indigenous fermented foods and beverages of Kokrajhar, Assam, India. Journal of Ethnic foods 3, 284-291.

Pujante IM, DíazLópez M, Mancera JM, Moyano FJ. 2017. Characterization of digestive enzymes protease and alpha‐amylase activities in the thick‐lipped grey mullet (Chelon labrosus, Risso 1827). Aquaculture Research 48, 367-376.

Rajts F, Belton B, Thilsted SH. 2022. Selection of small indigenous fish for breeding trials in the states of Assam and Odisha in India. Penang, Malaysia: World Fish. Program Report: 2022-04.

Roy S, Muchahary S, Dayami H, Narzary B, Khangembam BK. 2022. Studies on the feeding habit and digestive enzyme activities in three small indigenous fish species from Assam, India. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 10, 902-911.

Sangma SK, Bhattacharjee P, Pal P. 2019. Length-weight relationship, Relative length of gut and Gastro-somatic index of Chanda nama (Hamilton, 1822) and Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton, 1822) from Tripura, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 7, 737-742.

Singh A, Datta SN, Singh A. 2018. Study on Biometric Characteristics of Giant River-Catfish Aorichthys seenghala (Sykes, 1839) from Harike Wetland-A Ramsar site. Indian Journal of Ecology 45, 627-631.

Talwar PK, Jhingran AG. 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. New Delhi, India: Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., p. 1-1158.

Tengjaroenkul B, Smith BJ, Caceci T, Smith SA. 2000. Distribution of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal tract of cultured Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. Aquaculture 182, 317-327.

Tran CC, Nguyen TH, Nguyen HT, Vo LT, Phan GH, Dinh QM. 2021. The intraspecific and spatio-temporal variations in relative gut length and gastro-somatic indexes of Glossogobius sparsipapillus in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation 14, 841-848.

Vishwanath W. 2017. Diversity and conservation status of freshwater fishes of the major rivers of northeast India. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 20, 86-101.

Winkler UK, Stuckmann M. 1979. Glycogen, hyaluronate, and some other polysaccharides greatly enhance the formation of exolipase by Serratia marcescens. Journal of Bacteriology 138, 663-670.

Yengkokpam S, Debnath D, Bhattacharjya BK, Sarkar UK, Medhi K, Gogoi K, Das BK. 2022. Exploring polyculture of small indigenous fishes with major carps in pens as a climate-resilient adaptation strategy for northeastern wetlands of India. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 27, 1-19.