Dynamics, awareness and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Faisalabad

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/12/2016
Views (397) Download (10)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Dynamics, awareness and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Faisalabad

Rizwan Rasool, Hafiz Abubaker Saddiqi, Bilal Rasool
J. Bio. Env. Sci.9( 6), 54-63, December 2016.
Certificate: JBES 2016 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Out of 284 faecal samples, 81% were found to have gastro-intestinal parasites frequently with multiple infections in one donkey. Ten gastrointestinal helminthes species were identified in the fecal samples of donkeys directly collected from rectum. Ascaris sp., Strongylus sp., Trichomenna sp., Paranoplocephala sp., Triodontophorus sp., Anoplocephala sp., Gastrodiscus sp., Strongyloides sp., Oxyuris sp. and Dictyocaulus sp. were reported genera of helminthes. Majority of examined fecal samples showed mix infection and Ascaris nematode was in high number (P < 0.05) then in descending order Trichonemma sp. and Strongylus sp. However, Paranoplocephala species, Oxyuris species and Anoplocephala species were in low percentage. Awareness level was found more in urban area than rural area as literacy rate was also higher in the urban owners than rural donkey owners. Rural locations showed more helminthes level than urban. 208 RB showed highest infection percentage while 209 RB was with lowest infection percentage.

VIEWS 15

Abebew D, Endebu B, Gizachew A. 2011. Status of parasitism in donkeys of project and control areas in central region of Ethiopia: a comparative study. Ethiopian Veterinary Journal 15-2.

Aganga AA, Maphorisa K. 1994. Characteristics and uses of donkeys in Botswana. Improving animal traction technology 146-149.

Asefa Z, Kumsa B, Endebu B, Gizachew A, Merga T, Debela E. 2011. Endoparasites of donkeys in Sululta and Gefersa districts of Central Oromia, Ethiopia. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 10, 1850-1854.

Ayele G, Feseha G, Bojia E, Joe A. 2006. Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites of donkeys in Dugda Bora District, Ethiopia. Livestock research for rural development 18, 11.

Bekele T. 2002. Epidemiological studies on gastrointestinal helminths of dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) in semi-arid lands of eastern Ethiopia Veterinary Parasitology 105,139-152.

Bowman DD. 2003. Georgis, Parasitology for veterinarians, 8 ed. USA, New York Saunders pp: 166-168.

Coetzer JAW, Thomson GR, Tustin RC. 1994. Infectious diseases of livestock with special reference to Southern Africa: Volume 1. Oxford University Press Southern Africa.

Coetzer JAW, Thomson GR, Tustin RC. 1994. Infectious diseases of livestock with special reference to Southern Africa: Volume 1. Oxford University Press Southern Africa.

Coles GC, Jackson F, Pomroy WE, Prichard RK, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Silvestre A, Taylor MA, Vercruysse J. 2006. The detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance. Veterinary parasitology 136, 167-185.

Fielding D, Starkey P. 2004. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA).

Fikru R, Reta D, Teshale S, Bizunesh M. 2005. Prevalence of equine gastrointestinal parasites in western highlands of Oromia. Bulletin of animal health and production in Africa 53, 161-166.

Getachew M, Feseha G, Trawford A, Reid SWJ. 2008. A survey of seasonal patterns in strongyle faecal worm egg counts of working equids of the central midlands and lowlands, Ethiopia. Tropical animal health and production 40, 637-642.

Herd RP. 1990. The changing world of worms: The rise of the cyathostomes and the decline of Strongylus vulgaris. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian 12, 732-734.

Hosseini SH, Meshgi B, Eslami A, Bokai S, Sobhani M, Ebrahimi Samani R. 2009. Prevalence and biodiversity of helminth parasites in donkeys in Iran Equus asinus. International Journal of Veternary Res 3(2), 95-99.

Ibrahim N, Berhanu T, Deressa B, Tolosa T. 2011. Survey of prevalence of helminth parasites of donkeys in and around Hawassa town, Southern Ethiopia. Glob Veternaria 6(3), 223-227.

Irfan, M. 1984. Keynote address on effects of parasitism on livestock production. Pakistan Veternary Journal 4, 25-27.

Krecek RC. Guthrie AJ. 1999. Alternative approaches to control of cyathostomes: an African perspective. Veterinary Parasitology 85(2), pp.151-162.

Lichtenfels JR, McDonnell A, Love S. Matthews JB. 2001. Nematodes of the Tribe Cyathostominea (Strongylidae) collected from horses in Scotland. The Compendium on Parasitology 68, 265-269.

Love S, Mair TS, Hillyer MH. 1992. Chronic diarrhoea in adult horses: A review of 51 referred cases. The Veterinary Record 130(11), 217-219.

Mair TS, 1994. Outbreak of larval cyathostomiasis among a group of yearling and two-year-old horses. The Veterinary Record 135, pp. 598-600.

Malan FS, Reinecke RK, Scialdo-Krecek RC. 1998. Anthelminthic efficacy of fenbendazole in donkeys assessed by the modified non-parametric method. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 53, 185–188.

Mattioli RC, Zinsstag J, Pfister K. 1994. Frequency of trypanosomosis and gastrointestinal parasites in draught donkeys in The Gambia in relation to animal husbandry. Tropical Animals Health Production 26, 102–108.

Pandey VS, Eysker M. 1990. Internal parasites of donkeys from the high-veld of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Veternary Journal 21, 27-31.

Pearson RA, Nengomasha E, Krecek RC, Zerbini E, Wold AG, Shapiro BI. 1999. The challenges in using donkeys for work in Africa; The potential of cow traction in the East African highlands. In P. Starkey and P. Kaumbutho eds., Meeting the Challenges of Animal Traction (pp. 189-211).

Reid SWJ, Mair TS, Hillyer MH, Love S. 1995. Epidemiological risk factors associated with a diagnosis of clinical cyathostomiasis in the horse. Equine Veterinary Journal 27, 127-130.

Saddiqi HA, Iqbal Z, Khan MN, Muhammad G. 2010. Comparative resistance of sheep breeds to Haemonchus contortus in a natural pasture infection. International Journal of Agriculture Biology 12, 739-743.

Saddiqi HA, Jabbar A, Sarwar M, Iqbal Z, Muhammad G, Nisa M, Shahzad A. 2011. Small ruminant resistance against gastrointestinal nematodes: a case of Haemonchus contortus. Parasitology research 109, 1483-1500.

Saeed K, Qadir Z, Ashraf K, Ahmad N. 2010. Role of intrinsic and extrinsic epidemiological factors on strongylosis in horses. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 20, 277-280.

Shrikhande GB, Rewatkar SG, Deshmukh SS, Maske DK, Raghorte YM. 2009. The incidence of helminths parasite in donkeys. Veterinary World 2, 224.

Solomon T, Bogale B, Chanie M, Melaku A. 2012. Ocuurrence of Lungworm Infection in Equines and Their Associated Risk Factors. Global Veterinaria 8, 35-38.

Soulsby ETL. 1982. Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domestic Animals. 7the Ed., Bailliere Tindall, London UK. pp. 688-723.

Sousa S, Rodrigues JB, Nóvoa M, Mora S, Paiva R, de Carvalho LMM. 2010. Intestinal parasitism in a population of donkeys (Equus asinus) regularly dewormed north-east Portugal. In The 6th International Colloquium on Working Equids: learning from others. Proceedings of an International Colloquium, New Delhi, India 29 November-2 December 2010(pp. 233-240).

Svendsen ED. 1989. The Professional Handbook of the Donkey. The Donkey Sanctuary; Sidmouth, Devon, UK pp. 284.

Svendsen ED. 2008. The Professional Handbook of Donkeys. 4th Edition. Yatesbury, Whittet Books.

Theiler G. 1923. The strongylids and other nematodes parasitic in the intestinal tract of South African equines. Report of Veterinary Research, Union of South Africa 9, 601-773.

Uhlinger CA. 1991. Equine small strongyles: epidemiology, pathology, and control. Compendium 13, 863–869.

Umur Ş, Acici M, 2009. A survey on helminth infections of equines in the Central Black Sea region, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 33, 373-378.

Wells D, Krecek RC, Wells M, Guthrie AJ, Lourens, JC. 1998. Helminth levels of working donkeys kept under different management systems in the Moretele-1 district of the North–West Province, South Africa. Veterinary Parasitology 77, 163-177.

Whitlock HV. 1948. Some modifications of the McMaster helminth egg-counting technique apparatus. Journal of Science Research 21,177-180.

Yoseph S, Smith DG, Mengistu A, Teklu F, Firew T, Betere Y. 2005. Seasonal variation in the parasite burden and body condition of working donkeys in East Shewa and West Shewa regions of Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production 37, 35-45.