Early decapitation on African plum control-pollinated seedlings and consequences on subsequent growth in Cameroon

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/03/2013
Views (219) Download (5)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Early decapitation on African plum control-pollinated seedlings and consequences on subsequent growth in Cameroon

J.T. Makueti, Z. Tchoundjeu, A. Kalinganire, B. A. Nkongmeneck, E. Asaah
Int. J. Agron. Agri. Res.3( 3), 11-21, March 2013.
Certificate: IJAAR 2013 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

A decapitation test was used to assess control-pollinated seedlings’ growth in Dacryodes edulis. Thirty nine weeks after sowing, pot-grown seedlings belonging to 13 control-pollinated progenies from 4 provenances were decapitated by removal the shoot apex or the uppermost node, leaving shoots of uniform height of 40 cm. The stem size (height and diameter) were measured and the number of leaves counted weekly for a period of 39 weeks after sowing (WAS) in the nursery. Then, the length and number of lateral shoots (twigs) subsequently formed were measured during a period of 2 to 8 weeks after decapitation (WAD) in a net house to determine the branching frequency. Previous to decapitation, seedling height did not showed significant variation (P>0.05) in all crosses combined, 39 WAS. However, seedling collar diameter and number of leaves showed significant variation (p<0.05). Eight weeks after decapitation, only the number of vigorous twigs showed significant variation (p<0.05) in all crosses combined. The number of weeks after decapitation was the strong predictor of the shoot elongation. According to the conceptual basis of the decapitation test interpretation, the “Sprouting and the Dominance Phases” were not observed in the present study. In fact, D. edulis showed a synchronal shoot growth after decapitation. This habit could be used as a predictive test according to the relationship between branching habit and harvest index.

VIEWS 1

Ajayi IA, Adesanwo O. 2009. Comparative study of the mineral element and fatty acid composition of Dacryodes edulis pulp and seed. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5(3), 279-183.

Akinnagbe A, Oni O. 2007. Quantitative variations in the growth of progeny seedlings of Prosopis Africana (Guill. Perrott. And Rich.) “plus trees” in Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology 6(4), 359-363.

Akinnifesi FK, Leakey RRB, Ajayi OC, Sileshi G, Tchoundjeu Z, Matakala P, Kwesiga FR. 2007. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Lilongwe (Malawi) 2008. Indigenous fruit trees in the tropics: Domestication, Utilization and Commercialization. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p.457.

Awono A, Ndoye O, Schreckenberg K, Tabuna H, Isseri F, Temple L. 2002. Production and marketing of Safou (Dacryodes edulis) in Cameroon and internationally: Market development issues. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12, 125-148, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2002.9752416

Batin CB. 2011. Seed germination and seedling performance of Jatropha curcas L. fruit based on color at two different seasons in Northern Philippines. International Conference on Environment and Bioscience 21, 94-100.

Bourdeaut J. 1971. Le safoutier (Pachylobus edulis). Fruits 26, 663-666.

Diallo BO, McKey D, Chevalier M-H, Joly HI, Hossaert-McKey M. 2008. Breeding system and pollination biology of the semi-domesticated fruit tree, Tamarindus indica L. (Leguminosae:Ceasalpinideae): implications for fruit production, selective breeding, and conservation of genetic resources. African Journal of Biotechnology 7(22), 1068-1075.

Dun EA, Ferguson BJ, Beveridge CA. 2006. Apical dominance and shoot branching. Divergent opinions or divergent mechanisms? Plant Physiology 142, 812-819, DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.0866868.

Duru M, Amadi C, Ugbogu A, Eze A, Amadi B. 2012. Phytochemical, vitamin and proximate composition of Dacryodes edulis fruit at different stages of maturation. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research 2(4), 437-441.

FAO. 2009. The State of Food Security in the World. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy, ISBS 978-92-5-106258-3.

Fogg GE. 1970. The growth of plants. Penguin Books Ltd. England. p. 302.

Hallé F, Oldeman RAA, Tomlinson PB. 1978. Tropical trees and forests: an architectural analysis. Spronger-Verlag, Heidelberg. p. 441.

Janmohammadi M, Fallahnezhad Y, Golshan M, Mohammadi H. 2008. Controlled ageing for storability assessment and predicting seedling early growth of Canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 3(5-6), 22-26.

Karaguzel O, Cakmackci S, Ortacesme V, Aydinoglu B. 2004. Influence of seed coat treatments on germination and early seedling growth of Lupinus varius L. Pakistan Journal of Botany 36(1), 65-74.

Kengue J. 1990. Le safoutier (Dacryodes edulis) (G. Don) H. J. Lam: Premières données sur la morphologie et la biologie. Thèse de Doctorat 3ème cycle, Université de Yaoundé, Yaoundé, p. 154.

Kengue, J. 1996. Studies in control of African plum tree growth rhythms. Fruits 51(2), 121-127.

Kengue J, Kengni E, Tabuna H. 2011. Dacryodes edulis, safou. Conservation et utilisation durable des ressources génétiques des espèces ligneuses alimentaires prioritaires de l’Afrique subsaharienne. Bioversity International (Romme, Italie), ISBN 978-84-694-3165-8.

Lapido DO, Leakey RRB, Grace J. 1991. Clonal variation in apical dominance of Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum. in response to decapitation. Silvae Genetica 40, 135-140, ISSN 0037-5349.

Leakey RRB, Longman, KA. 1986. Physiological, environmental and genetic variation in apical dominance as determined by decapitation in Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum. Tree Physiology 1,193-207, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/1.2.193

Leakey RRB, Lapido DO. 1987. Selection for improvement in vegetatively-propagated plants. In: Improvement of egetatively ropagated lants. Eds. Abbot AJ and Atkin R, Academic Press, London. Pp324-336.

Leipzig. 1996. Rapport de pays pour la conférence technique internationale de la FAO sur les ressources phytogénétiques. Ministère de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique ; Ministère de l’Environnement et des Forêts, Yaoundé, Mars 1995.

Mahoney RL, Fins L. 1995. Genetic improvement of private woodland ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest. Bulletin N° 774, College of Agriculture. University of Idaho, Idaho USA. p. 12.

Makueti JT, Tchoundjeu Z, Kalinganire A, Nkongmeneck B-A, Asaah E, Tsobeng A, Kouodiekong L. 2012a. Influence de la provenance du géniteur et du type de pollen sur la fructification sous pollinisation contrôlée chez Dacryodes edulis (Burseraceae) au Cameroun. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 6(3), 1202-1222.

Makueti JT, Tchoundjeu Z, Kalinganire A, Nkongmeneck B-A, Kouodiekong L, Asaah E, Tsobeng A. 2012b. Morphological traits of control-pollinated fruits in African plum (Dacryodes edulis (G.Don) H.J.Lam.) using multivariate statistical techniques. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 2(8), 1-17.

Makueti JT, Tchoundjeu Z, Kalinganire A, Nkongmeneck B-A, Asaah E. 2013. Phenotypic variation of control-pollinated stem cuttings: case of Dacryodes edulis (G.Don.) H.J.Lam., Burseraceae.

Newton AC, Cornelius JP, Mesén JF, Leakey RRB. 1995. Genetic variation in apical dominance of Cedrela odorata seedlings in response to decapitation. Silvae Genetica 44(2-3), 146-150.

Okunlola, AI, Adebayo RA, Orimogunje AD. 2011. Methods of braking seed dormancy on germination and early growth of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) (JACQ.) Benth. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry 3(1), 1-6.

Omonhinmin AC. 2012. Ethnobotany of Dacryodes edulis (G.Don) H.J.lam. in Southern Nigeria 1: Practices and applications among the Yoruba speaking people. Ethnobotany Research and Applications 10, 175-184, http://dx.doi.org/10/i1547-3465-10-175

Onwubiko NIC, Odum OB, Utazi CO, Poly-Mbah PC. 2011. Studies on the Adaptation of Bambara groundnut ((Vigna subterranean (L.) Verdc] in Owerri Southeastern Nigeria. Agricultural Journal 6(2), 60-65, http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/aj.2011.60.65

Phillips IDJ. 1969. Apical dominance. In: Physiology of Plant Growth Development. Ed. Wilkins. M.B. Mcgraw Hill, London, p. 161-202.

Schreckenberg K, Degrande A, Mbosso C, Boli Baboule Z, Boyd C, Enyong L, Kangmegne J, Ngong C. 2002. The social and economic importance of Dacryodes edulis in Southern Cameroon. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12(1-2), 15-40, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/147 12828.2002.9752408

Snowden KC, Napoli CA. 2003. A quantitative study of lateral branching in petunia. Functional Plant Biology 30, 987-994, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/147 18028.2002.9752407

Tchoundjeu Z, Kengue J, Leakey RRR. 2002. Domestication of Dacryodes edulis: state-of-the-art. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12, 3-13, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/147 28028.2002.9752407

Tchoundjeu Z, Asaah EK, Anegbeh P, Degrande A, Mbile P, Facheux C, Tsobeng A, Atangana AR, Ngo-Mpeck ML, Simons AJ. 2006. Putting participatory domestication into practice in West and Central Africa. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16, 53-69.

Tchoundjeu Z, Atangana A, Assah E, Tsobeng A, Facheux C, Foundjem, D, Mbosso C, Degrande A, Sado T, Kanmegne J, Mbile P, Tabuna H, Anegbeh P, Useni M. 2008. Domestication, utilization and marketing of indigenous fruit trees in west and central africa. In: Indigenous Fruit Trees in The Tropics: Domestication, Utilization and Commercialization. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF): Lilongwe, Malawi.

Thomas RG, Hay MJM, Newton PCD, Tilbrook JC. 2003. Relative importance of nodal roots and apical buds in the control of branching in Trifolium repens L. Plant and Soil 255, 55-66, http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A: 1026179202851

Thomas RG, Hay MJM. 2008. Regulation of shoot branching patterns by the basal root system: towards a predictive model. Journal of Experimental Botany 59(6), 1163-1173, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ern 043

Upadhaya K Pandey HN, Law PS. 2007. The effect of seed mass on germination, seedling survival and growth in Prunus jenkinsii Hook.f. & Thoms. Turkey Journal of Botany 31, 31-36.

Verheij E. 2006. La culture fruitière dans les zones tropicales. Agrodok 5. Fondation Agromisa et CTA, Wageningen, Pays-Bas. 104p, ISBN Agromisa: 90-8573-057-0.

Yahuza B. 2006. Effet o seed rate on the seed yields in wheat/faba bean intercropping system: a competition approach. International Journal of Biosceinces 2(6), 94-128.