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Effect of drying methods on the phytochemicals composition and antioxidant activities of Carica papaya seed

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Research Paper 01/11/2013
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Effect of drying methods on the phytochemicals composition and antioxidant activities of Carica papaya seed

A.E. Irondi, K.K. Anokam, U.S. Ndidi
Int. J. Biosci.3( 11), 154-163, November 2013.
Certificate: IJB 2013 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Antioxidant activitiesC. papaya seedsDrying methodsMedicinal plantsPhytochemicals

Abstract

The effect of drying methods, namely, air-drying (AD), freeze-drying (FD), oven-drying (OD) and sun-drying (SD) on the phytochemicals composition and antioxidant activities of Carica papaya seeds, a medicinal plant, was investigated. Drying methods had significant (P < 0.05) effect on the antioxidant phytochemicals, that is, total phenol, tannin, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, and vitamin C levels of the seeds, with freeze-drying resulting in the highest levels of these phytochemicals followed by AD, OD and SD. Oven-drying retained the highest (P < 0.05) level of total saponin; while the total saponin levels due to AD, FD, and SD were comparable (P > 0.05). Sun-drying led to the highest (P < 0.05) level of total alkaloid, followed by FD and OD which were comparable (P > 0.05), and then AD. Consistent with the trend of the effect of the drying methods on the antioxidant phytochemicals, FD displayed the highest (P < 0.05) levels of antioxidant activities – 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging ability, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), followed by AD, OD and SD. The DPPH scavenging ability of the seeds due to drying methods increased in a dose-dependent manner, having IC50 in the order of FD (14.19 mg/ml ) < AD (15.7 mg/ml ) < OD (16.56 mg/ml ) < SD (17.85 mg/ml ). Freeze-drying could be the preferred drying method for C. papaya seeds for a higher retention of its antioxidant properties.

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