Effect of management and rangeland’s area on vegetative characteristics (case study: Taleghan watershed)
Paper Details
Effect of management and rangeland’s area on vegetative characteristics (case study: Taleghan watershed)
Abstract
Property rights are one of the main tools to achieve sustainable development and natural resource management which encourage the owners to continue their ownership. In Iran, range management plans are considered as one of the main tools for management and utilization of rangelands and also establishment of owners’ rights. In this research, effects of property type and rangeland’s area on vegetation and soil factors were studied. Twelve summer rangelands of Taleghan watershed were investigated. Rangelands were selected as two types of management (rural and collective) and three areas of 0-550 ha, 550-1100 ha and more than 1100 ha were included. In each rangeland, Physiognomic-Floristic method was applied to determine the vegetation types. Area of the sampling quadrates was calculated based on the minimal area method and number of quadrates was statistically determined with regard to the variations of the vegetation. In each unit, sampling was carried out along with three transects with a length of 150 m. Fifteen quadrates of 1m2 with intervals of 10 m were established on each transact and vegetation and soil factors were evaluated at the time of range readiness. All collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software based upon factor analysis and factorial experiment in a completely randomized design. According to the results, a better condition was identified for vegetative factors in rural rangelands and also in those categorized in an area of more than 1100 ha compared to the collective rangelands and those with an area of 0-550 ha, 550-1100 ha.
Abdollahpoor M. 1997. How and why should be provided to investment in rangelands by private division. Master of Science thesis. College of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Adhikari B, Difalco SC, Lovett J. 2004.Household Characteristics and Forest ependency .Evidence from Common Property Forest Management in Nepal. Ecological Economics 48,245-257.
Anwar A. 2005. Unbalanced Rural and Regional Development. P4WPress. Bogor.
Arzani H, Sanjari GH. 1999.Investigation of minimum rangeland area required for Sistanian nomads. XIX International grassland congres.
Azarnivand H, Moosavian A. 2001. Effect of range management plan on production, Trend and range condition Case study Semnan province. Pp: 248-253.proceeding of the 2nd National conference on range and range management,Research institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Bailey DW, Gross JE, Laca EA, Rittenhouse LR, Coughenour MB, Swift DM ,Sims PL. 1996. Mechanisms that result in large herbivore grazing patterns. Journal of Range Management 49, 386–400.
Bromley DW. 991. Environment and Economy Property Right and Publicly Oxford UK. Oxford University Press.
Eskandari N, Alizadeh A, Mahdavi F. 2007. Policies of rangeland management in IRAN. Technical office of rangeland, p190.
Dyksterhuis EJ. 1949. Condition and management of rangeland based on quantitative ecology. J. Range manages 2, 104-115.
Hasanzadeh M. 2001.Study of traditional methods of utilization from summery rangelands of Sar Aliabad in Gorgan province. Master of Science thesis abstracts in rangelands management. Technical office of rangeland, Forests, Rangelands, and Water shade Organization 2, 45-46.
Hurd RM & NA, Kissinger Jr. 1953. Estimating utilization of Idaho Fescue (Festuca idahoensis) on cattle range by percent of plant grazed. Paper No.12:1-5.Rocky mountain Forest and range Exp. Sta .
Kellner K, Bosch OJH. 1992. Influence of patch formation in determining the stocking rate for southern African grasslands. Journal of Arid Environments 22, 99–105.
Kepe T, Wynberg R, Ellis W. 2005. Land reform and biodiversity conservation in South Africa: complementary or in conflict. International Journal of Biodiversity Science Management 1, 3–16.
Khalighi MM, Farahpoor M. 2004. Survey of different utilization methods from rangelands hich could affect the destruction (ruin) or improvement of rangelands, case study of Amirkabir water shade. Proceeding of the 1st National Range & Range management seminar in Iran.
Khlilian S, Shamseddini A. 2ooo. Economic analysis of rangelands assignment in Rangelands Management plans, case study of Mamasani region, Fars province .J. Eghtesad & Pajuhesh 30,145-171.
Maggs P, Hoddinott J. 1999. The Impact of Changes in Common Property Resource Management on Intrahousehold Allocation. Journal of Public Economics 72,317-324pp.
Netting R. 1976. What Alpine Peasants Have in Common. Observation on Communal Tenure in a Swiss Village? Human Ecology 4,135-146.
Papeli Yazdi MH , Labbaf-khaniki M. 2001. The pasture: Exploitation System Journal of Geographical Research 15, 7-40. (In Persian)Proceeding of the 1st National Range & Range management seminar in Iran. Isfahan University of Technology, College of Natural Resources.
Ramezani E. 1998. Survay of private rangelands management plan in Fars province. Master of Science thesis. College of Natural Resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran.
Sarukhani B. 2006. Methodology of research in social sciences. Vol.2 Trends &Techniques, Publications of Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies Research center,520pp. (In Persian)
Senft RL, Rittenhouse LR, Woodmansee RG. 1985. Factors influencing patterns of cattle behavior on short grass steppe. Journal of Range Management 38, 82– 87.
Stuth JW. 1991. Foraging behavior. In: Heitschmidt RK. & Stuth JW. (Eds), Grazing Management: an Ecological Perspective, pp. 65–83. Portland: Timber Press. 259 pp.
Teague WR, Dowhower SL. 2002, Patch dynamics under rotational and continuous grazing management in large, heterogeneous paddocks, Journal of Arid Environments (2003) 53, 211–229.
Timah E, Ajaga N, Tita D, Ntonga L, Bongsiysi I. 2008. Survey Demographic Pressure and Natural Resource Conservation. Ecological Economic 64, 475-483.
Tomlinson KW, Hearn JW, Alexander RR. 2002. An approach to evaluate the effect of property size on land use options in semi-arid rangelands. Ecological Modeling 149, 85-95.
Viadrich-Grua M, Oses-Eraso N. 2007. Appropriation and concern for resource scarcity in the commons. An experimental study، Ecological Economics 63, 435-445.
World bank. 1990. Malvi: growth through poverty reduction report,p814.
Zare-Chakoohi MA. 2010.Data analysis in natural resources research using Spss software. University of Tehran 45-98.
Maryam Haji Mohammad Ebrahim Zanjani, Hossein Arzani, Mehdi Farahpour, Seyed Akbar Javadi, Ehsan Zandi Esfahan, Mohammad Reza Bihamta, 2013. Effect of management and rangeland’s area on vegetative characteristics (case study: Taleghan watershed). J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 3(7), 1-12.
Copyright © 2013 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.