Effect of varied seed rate on growth, yield and yield attributes of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes of Pothohar region

Paper Details

Research Paper 01/07/2019
Views (299) Download (18)
current_issue_feature_image
publication_file

Effect of varied seed rate on growth, yield and yield attributes of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes of Pothohar region

Amina Batool, Muhammad Imran Khan, Waheed Arshad, Ali Nawaz, Muhammad Zeeshan, Shiraz Ali, Ghulam Nabi, Saadia, Dr. Muhammad Aslam
Int. J. Biosci.15( 1), 208-216, July 2019.
Certificate: IJB 2019 [Generate Certificate]

Abstract

Seeding density is a key factor that affects grain yield and quality of wheat. An indiscrimination in seeding density has been observed across the wheat growing areas of Pothohar region. Hence optimization of planting density of Pothohar genotypes is vital to boost its yield in the country as well as in rainfed areas. It is of particular significance in wheat production system as it can be controlled. Therefore the objective of this study was to determine the optimum plant stand of three different wheat genotypes (Fatehjang-16, BARS-09 and 13FJ35) of Pothohar region to attain maximum economic yield. Field experiments were conducted at Barani Agricultural Research Station, Fateh Jang during Rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 with varying seed rates viz: (S1) 75, (S2) 100, (S3) 125, and (S4) 150 kg ha-1, respectively. Varied seed rates significantly or non-significantly affected all plant traits understudy. However, seed rate of 125 kg ha-1 revealed higher germination percentage (75%), plant height (112.33cm), coleoptile length (3.95cm), Nodes per stem (4.66), shoot length (11.51cm), root length (15.36 cm) and grain yield in Fatehjang-2016. However, BARS-09 showed maximum tiller count (430.67/m2) with less plant height (66.33 cm) and grain yield (2971 kg/ha) at same seeding density. On the contrary, 13FJ35 lacked in all parameters accompanied with grain yield (3086 kg/ha) that is at par with BARS-09. The results clearly reflect that Fatehjang-2016 can be effectively used for general cultivation and higher economic returns in Pothohar region with optimum seed rate of 125 kg ha-1.

VIEWS 9

Agriculture Statistics of Pakistan. 2018. Federal Bureau of Statistics, Statistics Division 17. Islamabad Pakistan.

Ahmad S, Khan Z, Rahim H, Khan MA, Usman, Haris M. 2018. Different Tillage Practices and Seed Rates Affected Phenology and Various Growth Stages of Wheat Agricultural Research and Technology 15, Open Access Journal.http://dx.doi.org/15.10.19080/ARTOAJ.2018.14.555939.

Analytical Software. 2005. Statistix 8.1 user’s manual, Tallahassee, Florida.

Ayalew T, Abebe B, Yoseph T. 2017. Response of Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) to Variable Seed Rates: the Case of Hawassa Area, Southern Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research 12, 1177-1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2017.12196

Ayaz S, Shah P, Ali M. 1997. Influence of seeding density and geometry of planting on emergence, tillering and biological yield of wheat. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 13, 219–222.

Baloch MS, Shah ITH, Nadim MA, Khan MI, Khakwani AA. 2010. Effect of seeding density and planting time on growth and yield attributes of wheat. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 20, 239-240.

Beuerlein JE, Lafever HN. 1989. Yield of soft red winter wheat as affected by row spacing and seeding rate. Applied Agricultural Research (USA) 4, 47–50.

Comissão Brasileira de Pesquisa de Trigo. 2007. Informações Técnicas da Comissão Brasileira de Pesquisa de Trigo e Triticale para a Safra 2007 = Technical information from the Brazilian Wheat and Triticale Research Committee for the 2007 Season. Embrapa Trigo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil (in Portuguese).

Coventry DR, Reeves TG, Brooke HD, Cann DK. 1993. Influence of genotype, sowing date, and seeding rate on wheat development and yield. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, 751–757. http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1071/ea9930751

Darwinkel A, Hag BA, Kuizenga J. 1977. Effect of sowing date and seed rate on crop development and grain production of winter wheat. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Sciences 24, 83–94.

El-Hendawy S. 2016. Optimal Coupling Combinations between Irrigation and Seeding Rates for Improving Production and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat Grown under Arid Conditions. Journal of Plant Production Sciences 5, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpps.2016.7390.

Geleta B, Atak M, Baenziger P S, Nelson LA, Baltenesperger DD, Eskridge KM, Shipman MJ, Shelton DR. 2002. Seeding Rate and Genotype Effect on Agronomic Performance and End-Use Quality of Winter Wheat. Crop Sciences 42, 827-832. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.8270

Gomez KA, Gomez AA. 1984. Statistical Procedure for Agricultural Research. 2nd edition. 680. Wiley Publishers, New York, USA.

GOP. Economic Survey of Pakistan. 2017-2018. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Government of Pakistan, Statistics Division (Economic Wing), Islamabad, p 17.

Harrison KS, Beuerlein JE. 1989. Effect of herbicide mixtures and seeding rate on soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield. Weed Technology 3, 505–508.

Khaliq AM, Iqbal, Basra SMA. 1999. Optimisation of seeding densities and nitrogen application in wheat cv. Inqalab-91 under Faisalabad conditions. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 1, 241-243.

Khan MA, Zulkiffal M, Imran M, Rehman A. 2004. Evaluation of planting time and seeding rate in wheat. Journal of Agricultural Research 42, 163-169.

Khan MA. 2003. Wheat crop management for yield maximization. 1st edition Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad 38950, Pakistan, p 94.

Khokhar MS, Sheikh MS, Siddique M, Nazir  MS. 1985. Effect of different seeding densities and nitrogen levels on the yields of two whet genotypes. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 6, 150-152.

Laghari GM, Oad FC, Tunio S, Chachar Q, Ghandahi AW, Siddiqui MH, Hassan SW, Ali A. 2010. Growth and yield attributes of wheat at different seed rates. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 27, 177-183.

Lashari AA, Chachar QD, Keerio MI, Majeedano HI, Kandhro MN. 2016. Response of wheat genotypes to seed rates in diverse environments. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering, Veterinary Sciences 32, 150-161.

Malik AU, Alias MA, Bukhsh HA, Hussain I. 2009. Effect of seed rates sown on different dates on wheat under agro-ecological conditions of Dera Ghazi Khan. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 19, 126-129.

Martin GC. 1987. Apical dominance. HortScience 22, 824-833.

Martin GH, Leonard WH. 1976. Wheat In: Principles of Field Crop production. The Mac Millian company, Colier Mac millan limited, London, p 164-166.

Mujeeb-Kazi A, Kazi AG, Dundas I, Rasheed A, Ogbonnaya F, Kishi M, Bonnett D, Wang RRC, Xu S, Chen P, Mahmood T, Bux H, Farrakh S. 2013. Genetic diversity for wheat improvement as conduit to food security. Advances in Agronomy 122, 179-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-417187-9.00004-8

Muller J. 1991. Determination of leaf area by means of linear measurements in wheat and triticale (Brief report). Arciv. Fuchtungsforschung 21, 121-123.

Nizamani GS, Tunio S, Buriro UA, Keerio MI. 2014. Influence of different seed rates on yield contributing traits in wheat varieties. Journal of Plant Sciences 2, 232-236. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20140205.23

Otteson BN, Mergoum M, Ransom JK. 2008. Seeding rate and nitrogen management on milling and baking quality of hard red spring wheat genotypes. Crop Science 48, 749-755. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2007.08.0473

Ozturk A, Caglar O, Bulut S. 2006. Growth and yield response of facultative wheat to winter sowing, freezing sowing and spring sowing at different seeding rates. Journal of Agronomy Crop Science 192, 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2006.00187.x

Rickman RW, Klepper BL, Peterson CM. 1983. Time distributions for describing appearance of specific culms of winter wheat. Agronomy Journal 75, 551-556. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1983.00021962007500030031x

Rosegrant MW, Agcaoili M. 2010. Global food demand, supply and price prospects to 2010. International Food Policy Research. Institute Washington, DC, USA.

Said A, Gul H, Saeed B, Haleema B, Badshah NL, Parveen L. 2012. Response of wheat to different planting dates and seeding rates for yield and yield components. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 7, 138-140.

Slafer GA, Satorre EH. 1999. An introduction to the physiological-ecological analysis of wheat yield. In: Wheat: Ecology and Physiology of Yield Determination. Satorre, E.H. and G.A. Slafer (Eds.). The Haworth Press, New York, p 3-12.

Slafer GA, Satorre HE. 1999. Plant density and distribution as modifiers of growth and yield. In E.H. Satorre and G.A. Slafer (ed.) Wheat Ecology and physiology of yield determination. Food Products Press, New York. 1999, p 141-159.

Smith PG, Millet AH. 1964. Germinating and sprouting responses of tomato at low temperature. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 84, 480-484.

Stoppler H, Kolsch E, Vogtmann H. 1990. The influence of sowing date, seed rate and variety on agronomic characteristics of winter wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 90, 28-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.1990.tb00831.x

Tahir S, Ahmad A, Khaliq T, Cheema MJM. 2019. Evaluating the impact of seed rate and sowing dates on wheat productivity in semi-arid environment. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 00, 000‒000. https://doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/15.1033

Tanner D, Raemakers RH. 2001. In Wheat: Tropical Crops of Africa. Raemakers RH (editor), Directorate General for International Corporation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, External Trade and International Co-operation, Brussels, Belgium, p 101-118.

Valério IP, Carvalho FIF, Benin G, Silveira G, Silva JAG,  Nornberg R, Hagemann T, Luche HS, Oliveira AC. 2013. Seeding density in wheat: the more, the merrier? Scientia Agricola 70, 176-184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S010390162013000300006

Zecevic V, Boskovic J, Knezevic D, Micanovic D. 2014. Effect of seeding rate on grain quality of winter wheat. Chilean Journal of Agricultural  Research 74, 23-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S071858392014000100004

Zhen–Wen Y, Van Sanford DA, Egli DB. 1988. Effect of population density on floret initiation, development and abortion in winter wheat. Annals of Botany 62, 295–302. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087661