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Effectiveness of the insecticide BioELIT on Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in cucumber Cucumis sativus (Linné, 1753)

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Research Paper 06/12/2022
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Effectiveness of the insecticide BioELIT on Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in cucumber Cucumis sativus (Linné, 1753)

Diabate Dohouonan, Kouadio Kouakou Norbert, Akpesse Akpa Alexandre Moïse, Tano Yao
J. Bio. Env. Sci.21( 6), 72-79, December 2022.
Certificate: JBES 2022 [Generate Certificate]
Key: Attack rateBactrocera cucurbitaeBioefficacyCucumis sativusReduction rates

Abstract

The fruit fly Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important pest of cucurbit fruits. It reduces the quality and yield of cucumber despite the use of chemical pesticides harmful to humans and the environment. Thus, this study was conducted in the Tonkpi region to compare the efficacy of the botanical extract BioELIT® to the chemical pesticides K-OPTIMAL 35 EC® and Cypercal 50 EC® commonly used by farmers. Foliar applications of these three insecticides were made from the 35th day after sowing. Only the control plots were not treated. For each treatment and the untreated, 5 replicates were made. Each elementary plot was two meters long and one meter wide. Sampling of Bactrocera cucurbitae adults were made weekly by using pitfall traps and direct observation, starting on the 35th day after planting just before the first foliar applications. From the 45th day after sowing, three visits with an interval of 4 days were made to count fruits attacked by Bactrocera cucurbitae. The results showed that the females of Bactrocera cucurbitae sting the young cucumber fruits, insert eggs and cause the loss of elaborated sap accumulated in the fruit, the malformation of the fruit, the browning then the necrosis of the fruit tissues. The botanical extract BioELIT® showed similar efficacy to the pesticides K-OPTIMAL 35 EC® and Cypercal 50 EC®. These treatments significantly reduced the number of Bactrocera cucurbitae on cucumber. The percentages of reduction of Bactrocera cucurbitae infested on cucumber varied between 12% and 70% during the trial. The number of fruits attacked (F= 27.103; p <0.0001) and the fruit attack rates (F= 73.352; p <0.0001) by Bactrocera cucurbitae were statistically identical in the plots treated with the botanical extract BioELIT® and the pesticides K-OPTIMAL 35 EC® and Cypercal 50 EC®. Thus, the botanical extract BioELIT® can replace chemical pesticides in the control of Bactrocera cucurbitae.

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