Effects of different effluents on the yield quality and heavy metals accumulation in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Paper Details
Effects of different effluents on the yield quality and heavy metals accumulation in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Abstract
Heavy metals are one of the important types of contaminants that can be found on the surface and in the tissue of fresh vegetables. In this regard, a study was conducted to see the impact of different effluents on the growth, yield and heavy metals content of spinach grown in pots. The plants were treated with 6 different effluents viz. 10% effluents of sugar mill, sewage water, soap factory, ghee mill, slaughterhouse and Control. Data on weight of leaves plant-1 (g), number of leaves plant-1, yield ha-1, Vitamin C and heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd) were recorded. The results indicated that irrigation with effluents significantly affected all parameters studied. Sewage water, sugar mill effluent and slaughterhouse wastage significantly improved the yield and growth characteristics while ghee mill and soap factory effluents reduced these traits. Irrigation with sewage water increased 11.88% yield while the increment with slaughterhouse wastage and sugar mill effluent was 11.41% and 9.6%. Ghee mill and soap factory effluents reduced 8.9% and 7.38%, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations were increased with all types of effluents. The transfer factors showed that the accumulation of metals was in the order of Pb> Fe >Zn > Cd.
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Noor-ul-Ain, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Iqtidar Hussain, Sadaf Javeria, Yasir Ihtesham (2017), Effects of different effluents on the yield quality and heavy metals accumulation in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.); IJB, V11, N6, December, P239-247
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