Effects of planting-hole size, composting animal manure and sack on survival and growth of Eucaliptus camaldulensis, Ziziphus spina- christi and Pistasia atlantica planted in Mehran Plain, Iran
Paper Details
Effects of planting-hole size, composting animal manure and sack on survival and growth of Eucaliptus camaldulensis, Ziziphus spina- christi and Pistasia atlantica planted in Mehran Plain, Iran
Abstract
This study tested three methods thought to maintain soil moisture availability and thereby improve the performance of three species (Eucaliptus camaldulensis, Ziziphus spina-christi and Pistasia atlantica) when planted in permanent landscape of Mehran plain: increased planting-hole size, composting animal manure and sack addition. Seedlings of the three species were grown in two planting-hole sizes (30*30*30 cm and 100*100*100 cm), with and without composting animal manure, and with and without sack. The experiment was conducted in site (Mehran plain) in Ilam Province, Iran. Seedling growth and survival were monitored over 30 months. Seedling survival was >90% for all three species and did not differ significantly among any of the treatments. High rainfall in winter and autumn throughout and irrigation during the dry season the first year of the experiment may have enhanced seedling survival. Deeper planting-hole had the strongest effect on seedling growth for species, composting animal manure addition and sack had a positive effect on growth for all three species especially Eucaliptus camaldulensis. Seedlings growing in one-meter holes with composting animal manure and sack had most height and diameter. The development and total number of roots were much better at this depth as compared to surface planting. Deep planting provides resistance to cyclones and induces earlier flowering and higher yields.
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