Effects of sanitary landfills on surface water quality in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State
Paper Details
Effects of sanitary landfills on surface water quality in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State
Abstract
The study assessed the effects of sanitary landfills on surface water quality in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State. Water samples were collected using ragolis plastic containers of 1.5 liters from surface water bodies within landfill sites and analysed using standard methods. DO, BOD and COD values obtained across the course of the river were far below WHO and FEPA minimum permissible limits for the discharge of effluents into surface water. TDS values were within WHO and FEPA minimum permissible limits of 500 mg/L, but turbidity values of the water bodies (2 to 949 NTU) were higher than WHO recommended limit of 5 NTU. The concentration of nitrate (NO3) and sulphate (SO4) ranged from 3.20 to 4.956mg/L, and between 3.72 to 194.3mg/L respectively; the values were far below WHO and FEPA maximum permissible levels of 10mg/L and 250mg/L respectively. ANOVA result revealed that the sampled surface water bodies did not vary significantly in the chemical composition of parameters (F =0.639, ≤0.05). The study suggested that government and cooperation individuals should institute close monitoring of the various human activities in the area to maintain the cleanliness of the area as well ensure the continuous suitability of surface water bodies
Adelekan BA, Alawode AO. 2011. Contributions of Municipal Refuse Dumps to Heavy Metals Concentrations in Soil Profile and Groundwater in Ibadan Nigeria. Journal of Applied Biosciences 40, 2727–2737.
Akan JC, Abdulrahman FI, Yusuf E. 2010. Physical and Chemical Parameters in Abattoir Wastewater Sample. Pacific Journal of Science and Technology 11(1), 640-648
Akinbile CO. 2011. Environmental Impact of Landfill on Groundwater Quality and Agricultural Soils in Akure, Nigeria. Pacific Journal of Science and Technology 12(2), 488-497
Al-Sabahi E, Abdul Rahim S, Wan Zuhairi WY, Al-Nozaily F, Al-Shaebi. F. 2009. The Characteristics of Leachate and Groundwater Pollution at Municipal Solid Waste Landfill of Ibb City, Yemen. American Journal of Environmental Science 5(3), 256-266.
APHA (American Public Health Association). 1985. Standard method for the examination of water and waste treatment, 16th Ed. Washington. 143-251 p.
Chapman D. 1997. Water Quality Assessment: A Guide to the Use of Biota, Sediments and Water in Environmental Monitoring (Second Edition). London: E & FN Spon
Chukwu O. 2008. Analysis of Groundwater Pollution from Abattoir Waste in Minna, Nigeria. Research Journal of Diary Science 2(4), 74-77
Crowley D, Scallan E, Herbert J, Staines A, Herity B, Tracey J. 2003. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in the Republic of Ireland. Irish Journal 96 (3), 83–86.
Ewa EE, Iwara AI, Adeyemi JA, Eja EI, Ajake AO, Out CA. 2011. Impact of Industrial Activities on Water Quality Of Omoku Creek. Sacha Journal of Environmental Studies 1 (2), 8-16.
Ipeaiyeda AR, Onianwa PC. 2011. Pollution Effect of Food and Beverages Effluents on the Alaro River in Ibadan City, Nigeria. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 25(3), 347-360.
Iwara AI, Njar GN, Deekor TN, Ita, AE. 2012. Effect of Adiabo Abattoir on the Water Quality Status of Calabar River in Odukpani, Cross River State, Nigeria. Continental Journal of Environmental Sciences 6(2), 36 – 43.
Kola-Olusanya A. 2005. Impact of Municipal Solid Wastes on Underground Water Sources in Nigeria. European Scientific Journal 8 (11), 1 – 19.
Omole DO, Longe EO. 2008. An Assessment of the Impact of Abattoir Effluents on River Illo, Ota, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1 (2), 56 -64
Saidu M, Musa J. 2012. Impact of Abattoir Effluent on River Landzu, Bida, Nigeria. Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences 2(1), 132-136.
Suman M, Khaiwal P, Chandra A. 2005. Leachate Characterization and Assessment of Groundwater Pollution near Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 118, 435–456.
E. O. Eteng, V. E. Offiong, R. A. Offiong (2013), Effects of sanitary landfills on surface water quality in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State; JBES, V3, N8, August, P73-82
https://innspub.net/effects-of-sanitary-landfills-on-surface-water-quality-in-calabar-municipality-cross-river-state/
Copyright © 2013
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0