Effects of the different levels of Tawa-Tawa (Euphorbia hirta L.) extract on the growth and cocoon characters of Bombyx mori L.
Paper Details
Effects of the different levels of Tawa-Tawa (Euphorbia hirta L.) extract on the growth and cocoon characters of Bombyx mori L.
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of the different levels of tawa-tawa (Euphorbia hirta L.) extract on the growth and cocoon characters of Bombyx mori L. This was conducted at Sericulture Research and Development Institute Sapilang, Bacnotan, La Union, from February- to March 2019. A total of seven hundred fifty silkworms (4th Instar Larvae) were used in the study. The silkworms were randomly distributed into five treatments replicated three times following the Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Results show that on the weight of a single cocoon, silkworms fed with mulberry leaves sprayed with 30% Tawa-tawa extract (T3) produced the heaviest cocoon. The result ranged from 16.88% to 19.49% regarding the cocoon shell percentage. Silkworms fed with 30 % tawa-tawa extract (T3) got the lowest cocoon shell percentage of 18.88. Silkworm provided with 10% Tawa-tawa (T1) produced the most extended filament length of 844.23m. On the filament size, the result ranged from 2.54 to 2.63 (denier). The reliability percentage (%) ranged from 81.19% to 83.71%. disease incidence (%), silkworms fed with mulberry leaves with no application of tawa-tawa extract (T0) had the highest percentage of disease incidence (10.67%), while silkworms fed with 100% tawa-tawa extract (T4) had the lowest disease incidence (4.0%). For Profitability, Treatment 3 (T3) produced the highest or heaviest cocoon yield of 31.71kgs. And a return on investment (ROI) of 79.90%. In conclusion, Silkworm fed with mulberry leaves containing 3% tawa-tawa extract (T3) produced the heaviest cocoon yield, with an ROI of 79.90% and the lowest cost per unit.
Bajpeyi CM, Singh RN, Thangavellu K. 1991. Supplementary nutrients to increase silk production. Indian Silk 30, 41-42.
Bushra BNR, Ganga DT. 2003. Antibacterial activity of Selected Seaweeds from Kevalam, southwest Coast of India. Asian J. of Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sc. 5(3), 319-322.
Dandin SB. 2014. Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a unique gift of nature to mankind. The proceeding of the 23rd international congress on Sericulture and silk industry. Bangalore India.
Evangelista A, Carvalho AD, Takahashi R. 1997. Performance of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) fed with vitamin and mineral supplement. Revista de Agriculture Piracicaba 72, 199-204.
Gaviria DA, Aguilar E, Serrano HJ. 2006. DNA fingerprinting using AFLP markers to search for markers associated with yield attributes in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Journal of Insect Science 6(15), 1-10.
Gobena WS, Bhaskar RN. 2015. Fortification of mulberry leaves with medicinal Botanical Plant Extracts Effect on Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (PM x CSR2) (Lepidptera Bombycidae ) Larval Growth and Cocoon Traits. Jouurnal of Biological Sciences 15(4), 199-206.
Hipparagi GD, Rayar SG, Karabhantal SS. 2001. Field spray of extract of botanicals on mulberry and its effect on silkworm, Bombyx mori L., growth and development. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Mulberry Sericulture Research in India, November 26-28, 2001, KSSRDI, Bangalore, India, p. 127.
House HC. 1996. The role of nutritional principles in biological control. Can. Entamol. 98, 1121- 1134.
Jeyapaul C, Singh A, Padmalatha CA, Murugesan AG. 2003. Effect of plant extracts on nutritional efficiency in mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L. Indian Journal of Sericulture 42(2), 128-131.
Kamimura M, Kiuchi M. 1998. Effect of Juvenile Hormone Analog Fenoxycarb on 5th stadium larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. L. Applied Entomology and Zoology 33 (2), 333- 338.
Krishnaprasad NK, Sannppa B, Reshma, Keshavaprasad PK. 2001. Effect of solanaceous leaf extract on growth, development and cocoon trait of PMxNB4D2 Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) Bull. Indian Acad. Seric. 5, 42-47.
Kumar S, Malhotra R, Kumar D. 2010. Euphorbia hirta: Its chemistry, traditional and medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136 119, Haryana, India.
Mahnoud SM. 2016. Silk agriculture and industry. Noor publishing, GmbH, Noordersted /Germany. pp 1-288.
Murugan K, Jeyabalan D, Senthil KN, Senthil NS, and Sivapraskan N. 1998. Growth promoting effects of Plant products on Silk worm. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 57, 740-745.
Murugesh KA. 2002. Efficacy of some botanicals in the management of uzifly, Exorista bombycis (Louis). M.Sc. Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Nirwani RB, Kaliwal BB. 1996. Effect of folic acid on economic traits and the change of some metabolic substances of bivoltine silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Korean J. Seric. Sci. 38, 118-123.
Nguku EK, Muli EM, Raina SK. 2007. Larvae, cocoon and post-cocoon characteristics of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) fed on mulberry leaves fortified with Kenyan royal elly. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 11(4).
Rahmathullan VK, Mathur VB, Devi RGG. 2004. Growth and Dietary Efficiency of Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) Under Various Nutritional and Environmental Stress Conditions. Philippine Journal of Science 133 (1), 33-43.
Rajashekaragouda R, Gopalan M, Jayaraj S, Natarajan N. 1997. Field performance of plant extracts on mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Entomon 22, 235-238.
Ruth L, Ghatak S, Subbarayan S, Choudhury BN, Gurusubramanian G, Kumar NS, Bin T. 2019. Influence of Micronutrients on the Food Consumption Rate and Silk Production of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) Reared on Mulberry Plants Grown in a Mountainous Agro-Ecological Condition. Front. Physiol. 10 – 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00878
Saad MSI, Eylamani EMY, Helay WMM. 2019. Controlling of bacterial and fungal diseases that contaminating mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori by using some plant extracts. Bull Natl Res Cent 43, 172. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-019-0218-3
Sridevi G, Bhaskar RN, Devaiah MC, Govindan R. 2004. Effect of mulberry leaves enriched with medicinal botanical extract on cocoon and reeling parameters of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (PM x CSR2). Environment and Ecology 22(3), 689-691.
Sujatha K, Purushothamrao A. 2003. Effect of fortification of mulberry leaf with photochemical on the commercial traits of silkworm, Bombyx mori Linn. Expt. Zool. India 6, 321-323.
Sunil BA, Jaiba HC. 2016. Studies on rearing performance of Bombyx mori L. (RACE: PM ×CSR2) with fortification of mulberry leaves using plant extract. Kaav International Journal of Science, Engineering & Technology 3, 118-143.
Jimilee M Garcia, Gemma E Arellano, Flory M Libunao, Regina E Salazar, Aphril Esj M Jayme (2024), Effects of the different levels of Tawa-Tawa (Euphorbia hirta L.) extract on the growth and cocoon characters of Bombyx mori L.; JBES, V24, N5, May, P62-70
https://innspub.net/effects-of-the-different-levels-of-tawa-tawa-euphorbia-hirta-l-extract-on-the-growth-and-cocoon-characters-of-bombyx-mori-l/
Copyright © 2024
By Authors and International
Network for Natural Sciences
(INNSPUB) https://innspub.net
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0