Efficacy of formulated carriers inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize growth
Paper Details
Efficacy of formulated carriers inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize growth
Abstract
Unavailability of a suitable carrier seriously hampered the mass production of bio-inoculant in developing countries including Pakistan. The present study was designed to evaluate the quality of formulated carriers for bio-inoculant on maize. Complete randomized design was applied with six treatments in triplicates. Formulated carriers; FC-1 (40% clay soil + 35% fly-ash + 15% press-mud + 10% lignitic coal), FC-2 (40% clay soil + 40% fly-ash + 10% press-mud + 10% lignitic coal), FC-3 (40% clay soil + 35% fly-ash + 10% press-mud + 15% lignitic coal), FC-4 (40% clay soil + 30% fly-ash + 15% press-mud + 15% lignitic coal) and BC (biozote carrier) were inoculated with broth culture of pre-isolated PGPR strains (MR8 & MR5). Un-inoculated seeds were used as control. Results revealed that all the inoculated carriers showed a significant increase over un-inoculated control related to different growth parameters but FC-4 found better followed by FC-1. The two PGPR strains demonstrated significant variation for shoot height and root length. Interaction effect (inoculated carriers × bacterial strains) remained non-significant in shoot and root. Nutrient uptake by maize plant differed significantly from control due to PGPR inoculated carriers. The highest uptake was observed with FC-4 followed by FC-1. Interaction effect (inoculated carriers × bacterial strains) was significant for N, P, K, Na, Zn, Cu and Mn uptake. Significantly higher nutrient uptake was calculated in plants inoculated with MR8 compared to MR5. Formulated carrier-4 can be utilized for biofertilizer production but further testing on other bacterial strains and crops is recommended.
Aeron A, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK, Pandey P, Bajpai VK, Kang SC. 2011. Multifarious activity of bioformulatedPseudomonas fluorescensPS1 and biocontrol of Sclerotiniasclerotiorumin in Indian rapeseed (Brassica campestrisL.).European Journal of Plant Pathology 131, 81–93.
Bashan Y. 1998. Inoculants of plant growth-promoting bacteria for use in agriculture. Biotechnology Advances 4, 729-770.
Bowen GD, Rovira AD. 1999. The rhizosphere and its management to improve plant growth. Advances in Agronomy 66,1–102.
Crawford SL, Berryhill DL. 1983. Survival of Rhizobium phaseoli in coal-based legume inoculants applied to seeds. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 45, 703-705.
Figueiredo MVB, Seldin L, Fernando Araujo F, Mariano RR. 2010. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: Fundamentals and Applications. In: Maheshwari DK, ED. Plant Growth and Health Promoting Bacteria. Microbiology Monographs 18, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag
Gaind S, Gaur AC. 2004. Evaluation of fly-ash as a carrier for diazotrophs and Phosphobacteria. Bioresource Technology 95,187-190. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.07.014
Gupta A, Gopal M, Tilak KV. 2000. Mechanism of plant growth promotion by rhizobacteria. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 38, 856–862.
Jarak M, Mrkovački N, Bjelić D, Jošić D, Hajnal-Jafari T, Stamenov D. 2012. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize in greenhouse and field trial. African Journal of Microbiology Research 6, 5683-5690. http://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR12.759
Jauhri KS. 1990. Modified sugarcane pressmud: a potential carrier for commercial production of bacterial inoculants. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 24, 189-197.
Kaljeet S, Keyeo F, Amir HG. 2011. Influence of carrier materials and storage temperature on survivability of rhizobial inoculant. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 10, 3923.
Khalil S, Khokhar SN, Khan MA. 1991. Evaluation of an indigenous mineral soil as Rhizobium carrier. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 12, 62-65.
Kumar V, Gupta P. 2010. Studies on shelf-life of fly-ash based Azotobacter chroococcum formulation and its bio-efficacy in Wheat. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 6, 280-282.
Paczkowski MW, Berryhill DL. 1979. Survival of Rhizobium phaseoli in coal-Based legume inoculants. Applied and Environmental Microbiolgy38, 612.
Ryan J, Estefan G, Rashid A. 2001. Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory Manual.Second Edition.Available from ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria.
Singh S, Gupta G, Khare E, Behal KK, Arora NK. 2014. Effect of enrichment material on the shelf life and field efficiency of bioformulation of Rhizobiumsp. and P-solubilizing Pseudomonas fluorescens. Science Research Reporter 4, 44-50.
Tabassam T, Sultan T, Akhtar ME, Mahmood-ul Hassan M, Ali A. 2015. Suitability of different formulated carriers for sustaining microbial shelf life. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 28,143-151.
Trevors JT, Van-Elsas JD, Lee H, Van Overbeek LS. 1992. Use of alginate and other carriers for encpasulation of microbial cells for use in soil. Microbial Releases 1, 61-6.
Tosif Tabassam, Tariq Sultan, M. Ehsan Akhtar, M. Mahmooud-ul-Hassan, Arshad Ali, Zahir Shah, 2017. Efficacy of formulated carriers inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize growth. Int. J. Biosci., 11(3), 41-50.
Copyright © 2017 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.