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Epidemiological patterns of HCV genotypes in KPK region of Pakistan

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Research Paper 01/09/2020
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Epidemiological patterns of HCV genotypes in KPK region of Pakistan

Muhammad Arshad, Ismail Jalil, Fazle Raziq, Muhammad Rafiq, Muhammad Irfan
Int. J. Biosci.17( 3), 273-280, September 2020.
Certificate: IJB 2020 [Generate Certificate]
Key: GenotypeHCCHepatitisHMC

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus is a significant mediator for development of hepatitis and related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV has several genotypes and subtypes. Epidemiology of HCV genotypes is crucial to understand as they play a key role in defining the outcomes of HCV infection. This study was conducted to analyze the epidemiology of HCV genotypes and HCV viral loads in Charsada, Peshawar, Kohat and Frontier Region Peshawar of KPK Pakistan. A total of 1305 HCV infected patients visiting HMC Peshawar were included in this study. Blood samples were collected and HCV RNA quantification and genotyping were carried out through RT-PCR. Viral loads and hameto-biochemical markers were also analyzed for the studied patients. Chi square analysis and odds ratios were used to compare the differences in HCV genotypes prevalence. In total of 1305 samples, 55.7% were males and 44.2% were females. The most prevalent genotype was genotype 3a (44.2%) was highest in both genders followed by genotype 2a (25.4%), 1a (6%) and Untypable genotypes (6%) (p>0.05). Demographic analysis showed that HCV genotype 3a was the dominant genotype in all four regions with the prevalence of 48.2% in FR region, 44% in Peshawar, 44.2% in Charsada and 41.4% in Kohat region of KPK. Medium viral load of 6×105-8×105 IU/ml was the most prevalent load in 41% of the patients. Highly significant association (p<0.0001) was found among the levels of clinical parameter prevalence in studied patients. This study concludes that HCV genotype 3a is the most prevalent genotype in Peshawar, Kohat, Charsada and FR Peshawar regions of KPK. HCV genotype 2a is an emerging genotype in the KPK population.

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