Estimation of Rainfall Patterns in Bangladesh Using Different Computational Methods (Arithmetic Average, Thiessen Polygon and Isohyet)
Paper Details
Estimation of Rainfall Patterns in Bangladesh Using Different Computational Methods (Arithmetic Average, Thiessen Polygon and Isohyet)
Abstract
The present study was conducted to measure the total amount of annual rainfall all over the Bangladesh by different computational methods (Arithmetic average, Thiessen polygon and Isohyet). The rainfall data (1991-2011) of 34 rain gauges stations all over the Bangladesh were collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). Geographical Information System (GIS) tools were used in the present study to interpret the results. The Arc GIS 10.1 software (interpolation tool, Kringing) and different statistical analysis were carried out to get output results of different computational methods. GIS was used to show the patterns of rainfall all over the Bangladesh. The average rainfall of Bangladesh in the year of 1991 were 2876.029 mm, 2654.54 mm and 3066.47 mm by arithmetic average, thiessen polygon and isohyet method respectively whereas, in the year of 2011 the average rainfall by arithmetic average, thiessen polygon and isohyet methods were 2478.76 mm, 2213.046 mm and 2733.63911mm respectively. The annual average rainfall by all these three methods showed a decreasing trend science in 1991 to 2011 by considering all significant level of error in annual average rainfall that may be due to the physiographic stratification of the Bengal delta. The GIS interpolation tool (Kringing) also showed the decreasing patterns of annual average rainfall all over the Bangladesh. All these methods are not suitable to measure rainfall in different regions of the country. So, region-wise rainfall estimation must be done all over the country by these methods to find the actual scenario of rainfall patterns in Bangladesh.
Ahasan MN, Chowdhury MAM, Quadir DA. 2010. Variability and Trends of Summer Monsoon Rainfall over Bangladesh. Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology 7, 1-17.
Alam MT, Afrin R. 2014. Analysis of Historical Pattern of Rainfall in South-Eastern Region and Central Region of Bangladesh.International Journal of Environmental Engineering Research 3(1), 15-21.
Alam MT, Iskander SM. 2013. Climate Change Impact: Climate Type, Vegetation Type, Rainfall Intensity Over Three Decades in Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 4, 56-59.
Ali A. 1999.Climate change impacts and adaptation assessment in Bangladesh. Climate Research 12, 109-16.
Altin TB, Barak B, Altin BC. 2012. Change in precipitation and temperature amounts over three decades in Central Anatolia, Turkey. Atmospheric and Climate Science 2, 107-125.
Dore MHI. 2005. Climate change and changes in global precipitation patterns: What do we know? Environmental International 31, 1167-1181.
Farhana S, Rahman MM. 2011. Characterizing rainfall trend in Bangladesh by temporal statistics analysis. 4th Annual Paper Meet and 1st Civil Engineering Congress 22-24.
Gemmer M, Becker S, Jiang T. 2004.Observed monthly precipitation trends in China 1951- 2002. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 77, 39-45.
Giambelluca TW, Nullet MA, Schroeder TA. 1986.Rainfall atlas of Hawaiʻi. Report, R76, Dept. of Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu, 267.
Hasan GMJ, Chowdhury MAI, Ahmed S. 2015.Analysis of the statistical behavioral of daily maximum and monthly average rainfall along with rainy days variation in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 9, 559 – 578.
Hulme M, Osborn TJ, Johns TC. 1998. Precipitation sensitivity to global warming: comparison of observations with HADCM2 simulations. Geophysical Research Letter 25, 3379-3382.
Huq S, Karim Z, Asaduzzaman M, Mahtab F. 1998. Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change for Bangladesh, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 135.
IPCC. 2007. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Scientific Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Islam MN. 2009. Rainfall and Temperature Scenario for Bangladesh. The Open Atmospheric Science Journal 3, 93-103.
Islam MS, Hasan GMJ, Chowdhury MAI, Ahmed S. 2010.Historical pattern of daily rainfall in the north-eastern part of Bangladesh.Proceedings of the Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education.
Kayano MT, Sansígolo C. 2008. Interannual to decadal variations of precipitation and daily maximum and daily minimum temperatures in southern Brazil.Theoretical and applied climatology 97, 81-90.
Lambert F, Stott P, Allen M. 2003. Detection and attribution of changes in global terrestrial precipitation. Geophysical Research Abstract 5, 06-140.
Mair A, Fares A. 2010. Comparison of Rainfall Interpolation Methods in a Mountainous Region of a Tropical Island. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 16, 371-383.
McCuen RH. 1989. Hydrologic analysis and design, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Murshed BS, Islam MKA, Khan ASM. 2011. Impact of Climate Change on Rainfall Intensity in Bangladesh. 3rd International Conference on Water & Flood Management (ICWFM).
Rahman MM, Islam MN, Ahmed AU, Georgi F. 2012. Rainfall and temperature scenarios for Bangladesh for the middle of 21st century using RegCM. Journal of Earth System Science 121, 287-295.
Rodriguez-Puebla C, Encinas AH, Nieto S, Garmendia J. 1998.Spatial and temporal patterns of annual precipitation variability over the Iberian Peninsula. International Journal of Climatology 18, 299-316.
Shepard D. 1968. A two-dimensional interpolation function for irregularly-spaced data. Association for Computing Machinery, 23rd Annual Conference, ACM, New York.
Thiessen AH. 1911. Precipitation averages for large areas. Monthly Weather Review 39, 1082–1089.
Wikipedia. 2014. [Online Available at: (Accessed on 10 October 2015). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography of Bangladesh]
Md. Ashraful Islam Chowdhury, Mohammad MahbubKabir, Abul Fazal Sayed, Sazzad Hossain, 2016. Estimation of Rainfall Patterns in Bangladesh Using Different Computational Methods (Arithmetic Average, Thiessen Polygon and Isohyet). J. Biodiv. Environ. Sci., 8(1), 43-51.
Copyright © 2016 by the Authors. This article is an open access article and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) license.